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Questions and Answers
What is a primary focus of monitoring and evaluation in nursery management?
What is a primary focus of monitoring and evaluation in nursery management?
- Minimizing labor costs
- Increasing the range of plant species
- Maximizing soil nutrients
- Physical presence and rapid response (correct)
Which type of nursery is primarily focused on selling plants to the general public?
Which type of nursery is primarily focused on selling plants to the general public?
- Retail Nurseries (correct)
- Mail Order Nurseries
- Private Nurseries
- Wholesale Nurseries
What is a key requirement for setting up a nursery?
What is a key requirement for setting up a nursery?
- Availability of trained manpower (correct)
- Limited land area
- High employee turnover
- Exclusive contracts with suppliers
How do wholesale nurseries typically operate?
How do wholesale nurseries typically operate?
Which nursery type grows plants exclusively for a single client?
Which nursery type grows plants exclusively for a single client?
What was a significant factor in the rise of mail order nurseries?
What was a significant factor in the rise of mail order nurseries?
Which aspect is essential for the proper implementation of nursery management?
Which aspect is essential for the proper implementation of nursery management?
What role does feedback play in nursery management?
What role does feedback play in nursery management?
What is the primary purpose of a nursery?
What is the primary purpose of a nursery?
What is the primary function of a greenhouse?
What is the primary function of a greenhouse?
Which type of nursery focuses primarily on ornamental plants and flowers?
Which type of nursery focuses primarily on ornamental plants and flowers?
What is the most fundamental physical resource required for a nursery?
What is the most fundamental physical resource required for a nursery?
How do nurseries contribute to reducing farming costs?
How do nurseries contribute to reducing farming costs?
Which structure is particularly suitable for shade-loving plants such as orchids?
Which structure is particularly suitable for shade-loving plants such as orchids?
What advantage does a nursery provide concerning pest and weed management?
What advantage does a nursery provide concerning pest and weed management?
What is the purpose of using a mist chamber in plant propagation?
What is the purpose of using a mist chamber in plant propagation?
Which of the following soil conditions should be strictly avoided for planting a nursery?
Which of the following soil conditions should be strictly avoided for planting a nursery?
What is a significant reason for using true-to-type quality planting material in nurseries?
What is a significant reason for using true-to-type quality planting material in nurseries?
How do lath houses benefit container-grown plants during hot weather?
How do lath houses benefit container-grown plants during hot weather?
What should the pH level of soil ideally be for a nursery?
What should the pH level of soil ideally be for a nursery?
What is the key feature of a hotbed in plant cultivation?
What is the key feature of a hotbed in plant cultivation?
How can nurseries aid in economic savings regarding vegetable seeds?
How can nurseries aid in economic savings regarding vegetable seeds?
Which of the following is NOT a source of finance for a nursery?
Which of the following is NOT a source of finance for a nursery?
Which of the following is a characteristic of cold frames?
Which of the following is a characteristic of cold frames?
What aspect must be considered when estimating the labour requirement for a nursery?
What aspect must be considered when estimating the labour requirement for a nursery?
What type of labor does the nursery sector create demand for?
What type of labor does the nursery sector create demand for?
What was the approximate count of nurseries currently operating in both public and private sectors?
What was the approximate count of nurseries currently operating in both public and private sectors?
Why is it important to perform soil sample testing before starting a nursery?
Why is it important to perform soil sample testing before starting a nursery?
What role do PGRs play in hi-tech nurseries?
What role do PGRs play in hi-tech nurseries?
What is the primary concern regarding irrigation facilities for a nursery?
What is the primary concern regarding irrigation facilities for a nursery?
What is the main benefit of utilizing micro irrigation with fertigation?
What is the main benefit of utilizing micro irrigation with fertigation?
What role do mother plants play in a nursery?
What role do mother plants play in a nursery?
What is the primary reason for selecting mother plants carefully?
What is the primary reason for selecting mother plants carefully?
Which of the following is NOT a function of propagation structures?
Which of the following is NOT a function of propagation structures?
What is the purpose of hardening off plants?
What is the purpose of hardening off plants?
What essential facility is needed for the operation of a nursery regarding electricity?
What essential facility is needed for the operation of a nursery regarding electricity?
Which type of fencing is commonly used in nurseries for protection?
Which type of fencing is commonly used in nurseries for protection?
What is required for the effective management of a nursery office?
What is required for the effective management of a nursery office?
Which secondary effect does hardening off have on plants?
Which secondary effect does hardening off have on plants?
What does good road and transport facilities facilitate in a nursery?
What does good road and transport facilities facilitate in a nursery?
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Study Notes
Nursery Definition and Types
- A nursery is a managed site for producing seedlings until they are ready for planting.
- Modern nurseries sell not only plants but also seeds, fertilizers, soil conditioners, plant protection chemicals, and gardening tools.
- Types of nurseries include:
- Forestry/agro-forestry nurseries
- Fruit and plantation crop nurseries
- Hybrid vegetable and annual flower nurseries
- Floriculture and avenue tree nurseries
- Foliage plant and turf grass nurseries
Importance of Nurseries
- Nurseries enable the establishment of orchards and gardens with minimal care and cost.
- They provide planting materials at the onset of planting seasons, saving farmers time and resources.
- Nurseries assure the availability of genetically improved planting material.
- They offer better care for young plants, minimizing risks from pathogens, pests, and weeds.
- Cost-effectiveness is achieved by sowing expensive hybrid vegetable seeds in nurseries.
- Nurseries supply seedlings for diverse industries, including fruit, pulp, and timber.
- They create employment opportunities for various skill levels, necessitating skilled professionals for operations like grafting.
Quality Planting Material Needs
- True-to-type materials are crucial for:
- Area expansion
- Replacement planting in aging orchards
- Exploiting genetic potential of crops
- Testing rootstocks for advantages
Nursery Status and Planning
- Approximately 6,750 nurseries exist in public and private sectors.
- Key planning aspects include:
- Assessment of demand for planting materials
- Land area requirements
- Water supply and accessibility
- Availability of trained manpower and tools
Types of Nurseries by Sale Type
- Retail Nurseries: Sell to the general public, offering seasonal and ornamental plants.
- Wholesale Nurseries: Grow plants in bulk for sales to florists, garden centers, and stores.
- Private Nurseries: Serve a singular client’s needs, focusing on historical plant preservation.
- Mail Order Nurseries: Utilize online platforms for purchasing and shipping plants.
Hi-Tech Nursery Structures
- Greenhouses: Provide microclimate control with ample light for propagation.
- Lath Houses: Offer shade and protect plants; vital for acclimatization.
- Net Houses: Ideal for shade-loving plants, ensuring proper ventilation and temperature control.
- Hotbeds: Enclosed structures warmed by various methods for early seedling growth.
- Cold Frames: Utilize sunlight to harden rooted cuttings before transplantation.
- Mist Chambers: Maintain high humidity for rooting cuttings and tissue-cultured plants.
Physical and Financial Resources for Nursery
- Successful nurseries require meticulous planning of physical and financial resources.
- Physical resources encompass land, water, labor, transport, and technical expertise.
- Financial resources are needed to cover capital requirements, sourced from banks or government subsidies.
Physical Resources Specifics
- Land: Must be well-drained, with soil pH between 6.0 – 7.5; heavy or saline soils should be avoided.
- Irrigation: Quality irrigation with tested water for optimal growth.
- Labor: Skilled and unskilled personnel are essential for various nursery operations.
- Mother Plants: Authentic, well-maintained plants are crucial for propagation success.
- Electricity: Required for various operations, such as watering and pest control.
- Transport: Good roads are needed for receiving supplies and selling products.
- Propagation Structures: Necessary for seedling and graft multiplication.
- Hardening Off Space: Small shade net houses prepare seedlings for outdoor conditions to prevent transplant shock.
- Fencing: Barriers protect plants from animals and theft.
- Store and Office: Facilities for storing materials and maintaining records of nursery operations.
Financial Planning Considerations
- Financial planning is essential to ensure timely access to capital for operations and growth.
- Budgeting must account for unexpected delays in funding sources.
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