NUR-3412: Mental Health Nursing - Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the most common pattern of obsession in OCD?

  • Pathological doubt
  • Contamination (correct)
  • Symmetry/order
  • Fear of social embarrassment

    • What is the primary emotion experienced by individuals with obsessions?

  • Fear
  • Sadness
  • Anxiety or distress (correct)
  • Anger

    • What is a common compulsion associated with the obsession of contamination in OCD?

  • Checking for perceived flaws
  • Excessive hand washing (correct)
  • Mental acts of comparing with others
  • Excessive exercise

    • What is the purpose of repetitive behaviors or mental acts in individuals with compulsions?

    <p>To reduce anxiety or distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much time do obsessions or compulsions typically take up in an individual's daily life?

    <p>More than 1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In BDD, what is a common behavior associated with the preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance?

    <p>Mirror checking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between normal appearance concerns and BDD?

    <p>The persistence and excessive worry about a slight imperfection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line treatment choice for Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>Antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of BDD?

    <p>High rates of hospitalization and suicidal ideation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration for diagnosing OCD?

    <p>The presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common obsession pattern in OCD, characterized by a need for symmetry or precision?

    <p>Symmetry/order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of repetitive behaviors or mental acts in individuals with compulsions?

    <p>They are not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to neutralize or prevent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of obsessions or compulsions in individuals with OCD?

    <p>Clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is NOT used to treat Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>Haloperidol (Haldol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of relaxation and stress management techniques in treating Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>To reduce symptoms of anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is characterized by 'persistent difficulties discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value'?

    <p>Hoarding Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of planning, structuring time and daily activities in treating Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>To focus on life goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What involves recurrent intrusive ideas, images, impulses, or thoughts?

    <p>Obsessive Compulsive Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the central features of Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>Repetitive thoughts and repetitive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the DSM-5 classification, which of the following disorders is not classified as an Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorder?

    <p>Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the amygdala in the development of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

    <p>Dysregulation of emotional responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a criterion for the diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Feeling of euphoria or pleasure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way in which environmental factors contribute to the development of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

    <p>Learned behavior-related habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biopsychosocial theory of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

    <p>A combination of biological, genetic, and environmental factors contributes to the development of OCD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of BDD?

    <p>Excessive worry about slight imperfections in appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for individuals with Hoarding Disorder to have difficulty discarding possessions?

    <p>Fear of losing valuable information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of Hoarding Disorder?

    <p>Accumulation of clutter, creating fall and fire hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Exposure and Response Prevention therapy in treating Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>To teach patients healthy ways to cope with anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of Trichotillomania and Excoriation Disorders?

    <p>Recurrent body focused repetitive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Thought Stopping in treating Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders?

    <p>To stop the obsessive thought pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Characterized by repetitive thoughts and repetitive behaviors
    • Obsessions/Compulsions are time-consuming and cause significant distress/impairment
    • Patients are fully aware of the bizarreness of the thoughts and try to resist the behaviors

    Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

    • Involves recurrent intrusive ideas, images, impulses, thoughts (Obsessions) or repetitive patterns of behavior or actions (Compulsions)
    • Both obsessions and compulsions are time-consuming or cause significant distress/impairment
    • DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for OCD:
      • Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both
      • The obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming (e.g., take more than 1 hour per day) or cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
      • The obsessive-compulsive symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition
      • The disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder

    Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

    • Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others
    • The significance of the defect is unrealistically exaggerated
    • Common complaints involve:
      • Imagined or slight flaws of the face or head, such as wrinkles or scars, shape of the nose, excessive facial hair, and facial asymmetry
    • During the course of the disorder, the individual has behaviors like:
      • Mirror checking, excessive grooming, skin picking, reassurance seeking, or mental acts like comparing his or her appearance with that of others
    • Causes clinically significant impairment in social and occupational functioning
    • Associated with high rates of hospitalization (48%) and high rates of suicidal ideation and attempts

    Hoarding Disorder

    • Characterized by “persistent difficulties discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value”
    • The discarding difficulties arise from fears of:
      • Losing valuable information
      • Objects of emotional significance
      • Making serious mistakes
    • Often associated with distress whenever other people touch or move one’s possessions
    • The symptoms result in the accumulation of a large number of possessions that:
      • Fill up and clutter the active living areas of the home, workplace, or other personal surroundings
      • Prevent normal use of the space
    • Can create a public health issue by completely filling people’s homes and creating fall and fire hazards

    Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)

    • Recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in hair loss
    • Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling
    • Most patients have bald areas on the head, lost eyelashes and eyebrows that they manage with haircuts, scarves, wigs, or makeup
    • The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning

    Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder

    • Recurrent skin picking that results in skin lesions
    • They pick at pre-existing spots on their skin or create new lesions, often leaving more visible scabbing
    • The need to pick at one’s skin creates anxiety that is alleviated when the picking has finished, but creates distress when the after-effects become visible
    • Fingers and fingernails are the usual implements, biting, nail cutters, and tweezers are also used
    • The most common areas of focus are:
      • Face, head, cuticles, back, arms, and legs, and hands and feet
    • Psychotherapy:
      • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
      • Exposure and response prevention
      • Thought stopping
    • Medications:
      • Antidepressants (first-line treatment choice)
      • Antipsychotics (for resistant OCD)
      • Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
    • Lifestyle, coping, and support:
      • Psychoeducation
      • Support groups
      • Healthy outlets (e.g., hobbies, exercise, recreational activities)
      • Relaxation and stress management techniques (e.g., meditation, muscle relaxation, deep breathing, yoga, tai chi)
      • Planning, structuring time, and daily activities and focusing on life goals

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers the introduction, etiology, DSM-5 classification, and management of obsessive compulsive and related disorders. It assesses the student's ability to differentiate between identified obsessive compulsive and related disorders. Test your knowledge of mental health nursing!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser