NuCM105: Dietary Standards and Recommendations

Questions and Answers

What does 'AP' stand for in the context of food exchange lists?

Approved Portion

As Purchased (correct)

Available Portion

Average Portion

Which of the following food groups is NOT one of the seven main groups in the food exchange list?

Grains (correct)

Fat

Fruit

Vegetable

What is the primary objective of the Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos?

To promote luxury food consumption

To ensure all foods are processed

To support the agricultural industry in maintaining crop yields

To direct the general Filipino population towards healthier eating habits (correct)

What daily food intake is recommended for growth and repair of body tissues?

Fish, lean meat, poultry, eggs, dried beans or nuts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice according to the Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos?

Avoiding processed foods altogether Signup and view all the answers

How should one approach calculating calorie intake from processed foods?

Check nutrition facts and note serving sizes Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to familiarize yourself with the food exchange list?

To facilitate meal planning and caloric calculations Signup and view all the answers

Which nutritional advocacy emphasizes the importance of breastfeeding infants?

Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'edible portion' (EP) in food exchange lists?

The portion of food that is actually consumed after removing non-edible parts Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders?

Using iodized salt Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle factors are encouraged to help prevent non-communicable diseases?

Physical activity and healthy food choices Signup and view all the answers

Which advocacy was launched alongside the Filipino Food Pyramid?

Pinggang Pinoy Signup and view all the answers

How often should vegetables and fruits be consumed according to the guidelines?

Every day Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Nutrition Labels in food packaging?

To provide information on caloric content and nutrient composition Signup and view all the answers

Which agency leads the country's nutritional initiatives?

National Nutrition Council Signup and view all the answers

What are the Pinggang Pinoy and Filipino Food Pyramid used for?

Advocating for healthy diets among Filipinos Signup and view all the answers

What does the Food Exchange System assist with in meal planning?

Balancing nutritional intake according to availability and affordability Signup and view all the answers

In the Dietary Reference Intakes, how are recommendations typically differentiated?

By age group and gender Signup and view all the answers

How can individuals closely match food substitutes in terms of nutritional value?

By inspecting food exchange lists Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of understanding macronutrients in diet planning?

Ensuring a balance of essential nutrients for health Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is NOT typically included in food labels?

Taste rating from consumers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Dietary Reference Index (DRIs)?

To recommend nutrient intake according to age and gender. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categories is NOT included in the Dietary Reference Index?

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) Signup and view all the answers

What describes the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)?

The nutrient intake level to meet 97-98% of healthy individuals. Signup and view all the answers

In cases where insufficient research exists to determine an RDA, which category is used?

Adequate Intake (AI) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) is accurate?

UL indicates the highest level of daily nutrient intake without risk of toxicity. Signup and view all the answers

Which healthcare professionals primarily utilize the Dietary Reference Index?

Primarily doctors and dietitians Signup and view all the answers

Why should nurses be familiar with the Dietary Reference Index?

To establish individualized meal plans considering their clients' health. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the relationship between RDA and RENI?

RDA is interchangeable with the term RENI for consistency. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Reduced' on a food label indicate?

The food has at least 25% less of a given nutrient than a comparison food. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines a 'Good source' of a nutrient?

Provides 10% to 19% of the daily value of the indicated nutrient. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Free' mean in nutritional labeling?

The food contains insignificant amounts of a nutrient, often listed as zero, no, and without. Signup and view all the answers

For a food to be classified as 'Light', it must have which of the following?

1/3 fewer calories or 50% or less fat or sodium than a comparison food. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a 'Lean' food based on their nutritional content?

Has less than 10g of fat, no more than 4.5g of saturated fat and trans-fat combined, and not more than 95mg of cholesterol. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about 'High / Rich in / Excellent source' is correct?

Means it contains at least 20% of the daily value of the indicated nutrient. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Food Exchange System allow individuals to do?

Exchange one food with another food from the same group based on nutrient consistency. Signup and view all the answers

What is implied when a food label states it is a 'More' source of a nutrient?

It has at least 10% more of the indicated nutrient than the comparison food. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module Overview

Focuses on dietary guidelines and nutritional standards in the Philippines.
Teaches how to read food labels, locate dietary references, and use food exchange lists for meal planning.

Nutrition Standards

Different countries establish daily nutrient intake recommendations by age and gender.
Health care providers, including nurses, should understand and utilize these standards for client care.

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

Originated in the US and adopted by several countries, including the Philippines.
Include subcategories: Estimated Average Requirements (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL).

Estimated Average Requirements (EAR)

Average nutrient intake for 50% of healthy individuals in a specific age group.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

Intake level sufficient for 97-98% of healthy individuals in a designated group.
Often interchangeably referred to as Recommended Nutrient Intake (RENI).

Adequate Intake (AI)

Established when RDA cannot be determined due to insufficient research; believed adequate for most healthy individuals.

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)

Maximum daily nutrient intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects.

Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos

Developed by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) and endorsed by the National Nutrition Council (NNC).
Revised guidelines suggest variety in foods, exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, and balanced diets to maintain healthy weight.

Key Recommendations

Eat a variety of foods to meet nutrient needs.
Limit intake of salty, fried, and sugar-rich foods.
Consume calcium-rich foods for healthy bones.
Stay physically active and avoid smoking and excessive alcohol.

Nutrition Labels

Understand legal definitions of nutritional claims:
- Low: Allows frequent consumption with no exceeding daily value.
- Reduced: At least 25% less of a given nutrient or calories than comparison food.
- Free: Insignificant amounts of specified nutrient.
- Light: 1/3 fewer calories or 50% less fat/sodium than comparison food.
- Good Source: Provides 10-19% of daily value for a nutrient.
- High/Rich in: Provides at least 20% of the indicated nutrient.

Food Exchange System

Groups foods with similar calories, carbohydrates, fats, and protein for flexible meal planning.
Consists of seven main groups: vegetable, fruit, milk, rice, meat, fat, and sugar.
Takes into account different household measures and edible portions for effective usage of food exchanges.

Practice for Mastery

Familiarize with nutrition facts of processed foods.
Understand serving sizes and caloric contents for effective meal planning.
Utilize food exchange lists for flexible and budget-conscious meal preparation.

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Description

Explore the dietary guidelines and nutritional standards relevant to nursing in this module. Learn how to effectively read food labels, locate dietary references, and utilize food exchange lists to create meal plans for clients. Enhance your understanding of nutrition and diet therapy essential for healthcare professionals.