Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Quiz

<p>Amino acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interaction of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The double-helical structure of DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5' terminus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate backbone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA is typically single-stranded, while DNA forms a double helix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophobic interactions of the nitrogenous bases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The arrangement of nucleotides in a specific order (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are hydrophobic and avoid water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Messenger RNA (mRNA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are capable of catalyzing biochemical reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sequence begins at the 5' terminus and ends at the 3' terminus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adenine and Thymine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coiled double helix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purines with opposite pyrimidines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anti-parallel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytosine equals Guanine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They stabilize the double helix structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymine (T) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is equal to 34%. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A is greater than T. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is 34%. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5'-T-T-A-G-C-A-3' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The replacement of Thymine with Uracil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From 5' to 3' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphodiester bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA encodes genetic information similar to DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uracil base (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It pairs with the complementary codon in mRNA. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each codon corresponds to an amino acid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transport amino acids to the ribosome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a coding RNA responsible for protein synthesis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Main information carriers in cells; provide instructions for protein synthesis.

A nucleic acid that carries genetic information.

Another type of nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis.

Sequence of nucleotides in DNA.

Sequence of nucleotides in RNA.

The 3D structure formed by the interactions between DNA strands.

Different types of RNA with specific roles in protein synthesis.

Building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).

The order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.

The starting point of a DNA sequence.

The ending point of a DNA sequence.

Bonds that connect nucleotides in DNA.

The 3D shape of DNA.

Components of nucleotides, inside DNA.

Water-repelling.

Purines bond with pyrimidines in DNA through hydrogen bonds.

Weak bonds that hold base pairs together.

A=T and C=G in DNA. Equal amounts of A-T and C-G

The two DNA strands run in opposite directions during base pairing.

The structure of a DNA molecule, formed by two strands of DNA joined together.

Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine.

Coiled, antiparallel double-helix due to hydrogen bonds.

The ends of an RNA molecule. The 5' terminus is at the beginning, and the 3' terminus is at the end of the sequence.

A nitrogenous base found in RNA, replacing Thymine from DNA.

RNA carries genetic information similar to DNA but plays a different role in protein synthesis.

The specific pairing of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).

Given A = 32% in species X, use Chargaff's rules to calculate the percentage of guanine (G). Remember that A = T and G = C.

If T = 17% in species Y, use Chargaff's rules to find the percentage of cytosine (C). Remember that A = T and G = C.

The strand of DNA that has the opposite base sequence to a given strand, following the base pairing rules (A with T, G with C).

A type of RNA that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

A type of non-coding RNA that forms part of the ribosome, the cellular machinery that translates mRNA into protein.

A three-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon on mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the protein chain.

A three-nucleotide sequence in DNA or RNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries specific amino acids to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain according to the sequence of codons in the messenger RNA (mRNA).