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Nuclear Medicine Physics Module 1: Introduction

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GloriousRhodochrosite
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What was discovered by Röntgen?

X rays

Why are innovations in nuclear medicine possible?

Because of a clear understanding of radiation sources and detection

What is a characteristic of stable lighter nuclei?

They have nearly equal numbers of protons and neutrons

What is the condition for practising nuclear medicine safely?

<p>Having a clear understanding of radiation sources and detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advancement in nuclear medicine over the last century?

<p>Improvements in equipment and techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of asking questions during lectures or practical sessions?

<p>To clarify any doubts or misunderstandings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an additional proton is forced into a stable nucleus?

<p>A neutron deficit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the mass number of an atom when it is bombarded with a neutron in a cyclotron?

<p>It remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of radionuclides produced in a cyclotron?

<p>They are short-lived</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are medical minicyclotrons designed to produce short-lived radionuclides at or near the hospital site?

<p>To ensure timely use of short-lived radionuclides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bombarding oxygen-18 with a proton in a cyclotron?

<p>The production of fluorine-18</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of particles are accelerated in a cyclotron?

<p>Positively charged ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of isotopes of an element?

<p>They have the same number of protons and chemical properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between 14C and 12C?

<p>Number of neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for unstable nuclei that decay by emitting radiation?

<p>Radionuclides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which radionuclides are produced?

<p>Forcing an additional neutron into a stable nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of known radionuclides?

<p>2700</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the radiation exposure from natural sources?

<p>Background radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the development of new technologies in nuclear medicine?

<p>To improve patient care</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for the stability of lighter nuclei?

<p>Nearly equal numbers of protons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor in the safe practice of nuclear medicine?

<p>A strong understanding of both radiation sources and radiation detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main driving force behind the innovations in nuclear medicine over the last century?

<p>Innovation in equipment and techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of stable nuclei in the world?

<p>Almost all</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of advancements in nuclear medicine over the last century?

<p>Improved patient care</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic that defines isotopes of an element?

<p>Same number of protons, but different number of neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an additional neutron is forced into a stable nucleus?

<p>A neutron excess occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for unstable nuclei that decay by emitting radiation?

<p>Radionuclides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of producing radionuclides in medical imaging?

<p>For diagnostic imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are radionuclides used in medical imaging produced?

<p>Artificially produced in a nuclear reactor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do naturally occurring radionuclides contribute to?

<p>Background radiation exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the atomic number of a nucleus when a neutron is added to it?

<p>It remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of bombarding a stable nucleus with a proton in a cyclotron?

<p>A neutron is knocked out, and the atomic number increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of radionuclides produced in a medical minicyclotron?

<p>They are short-lived, with half-lives ranging from less than a minute to a couple of hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a medical minicyclotron?

<p>To produce short-lived radionuclides for medical use at or near the hospital site</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of adding a neutron to a stable nucleus?

<p>The mass number increases by one</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which a cyclotron produces radionuclides?

<p>By accelerating positively charged ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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