نتيجة نيوتن لحركة خطية (Newton's Laws of Linear Motion)

Mechanics

• Study of motion, forces, and energy
• Branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects
• Divided into two branches:
  • Kinematics: description of motion without considering forces
  • Dynamics: study of motion considering forces and their effects

قوانين نيوتن في الحركة الخطية (Newton's Laws of Linear Motion)

Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)

• An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force
• Inertia: tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion
• Examples:
  • A car maintaining its velocity on a flat road
  • A ball continuing to roll on a frictionless surface

Newton's Second Law (Law of Acceleration)

• Force (F) is equal to the rate of change of momentum (p) of an object
• F = dp/dt
• Acceleration (a) is directly proportional to the force (F) and inversely proportional to the mass (m) of an object
• a = F/m

Newton's Third Law (Law of Action and Reaction)

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
• When two objects interact, they apply forces to one another that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
• Examples:
  • When you push on a wall, the wall pushes back on you with the same force
  • When a car accelerates forward, the ground exerts an equal and opposite force backward on the car