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Questions and Answers
أي من الخيارات التالية يعد نوعاً من المعلومات؟
أي من الخيارات التالية يعد نوعاً من المعلومات؟
الفيديو لا يعد نوعاً من المعلومات.
الفيديو لا يعد نوعاً من المعلومات.
False
اذكر نوعين من المعلومات.
اذكر نوعين من المعلومات.
نصوص وصور
المعلومات يمكن أن تتضمن ______ و ______ و ______.
المعلومات يمكن أن تتضمن ______ و ______ و ______.
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طابق الأنواع المختلفة من المعلومات مع أمثلتها:
طابق الأنواع المختلفة من المعلومات مع أمثلتها:
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ما هي المكونات الخمسة لنظام المعلومات؟
ما هي المكونات الخمسة لنظام المعلومات؟
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نظام المعلومات يتكون فقط من البرمجيات والأجهزة.
نظام المعلومات يتكون فقط من البرمجيات والأجهزة.
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ما هو التعريف لنظام المعلومات؟
ما هو التعريف لنظام المعلومات؟
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نظام المعلومات يتضمن _____ و البيانات.
نظام المعلومات يتضمن _____ و البيانات.
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مطابقة المكونات مع أوصافها:
مطابقة المكونات مع أوصافها:
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ما الموضوع الذي يغطيه القسم من 5 إلى 24 في المحتوى؟
ما الموضوع الذي يغطيه القسم من 5 إلى 24 في المحتوى؟
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الواقع الافتراضي يستخدم في قطاع السياحة فقط لأغراض تسويقية.
الواقع الافتراضي يستخدم في قطاع السياحة فقط لأغراض تسويقية.
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ما هي الفوائد المرجوة من تطبيقات السياحة الإلكترونية؟
ما هي الفوائد المرجوة من تطبيقات السياحة الإلكترونية؟
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تعتبر _______ من أهم التقنيات الحديثة في تحسين خدمات السياحة.
تعتبر _______ من أهم التقنيات الحديثة في تحسين خدمات السياحة.
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قم بمطابقة العناوين التالية مع أرقام الصفحات الخاصة بها:
قم بمطابقة العناوين التالية مع أرقام الصفحات الخاصة بها:
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ما التحديات التي تواجه السياحة الإلكترونية في مصر؟
ما التحديات التي تواجه السياحة الإلكترونية في مصر؟
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تطبيقات الهواتف الذكية غير مرتبطة بمجال السياحة.
تطبيقات الهواتف الذكية غير مرتبطة بمجال السياحة.
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ما هو دور الإنترنت في قطاع السياحة؟
ما هو دور الإنترنت في قطاع السياحة؟
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course Name: Information Technology and Information System in Tourism
- Course Code: TSD 304
- Instructor: Dr. Marwa Magdy Ghanem
- Semester: Third (New Syllabus)
- Department: Tourism Studies
Course Content Outline
- Information technology and Information systems in tourism (5-24)
- The re-engineering of travel intermediation: threats and opportunities (25-47)
- The Internet: Threat or Opportunity? (48-65)
- Applications of e-tourism: Destination Management Systems (DMS) (66-72)
- The Egyptian e-tourism experience and the challenges it faces (73-78)
- Tourism and Smart phone applications (79-90)
- Virtual Reality (VR) in Tourism sector (91-98)
- Internet of Things and smart hotels (99-104)
Information Systems (IS)
- IS is a group of components that interact to produce information.
- The five components of an information system are hardware, software, data, networks, and people.
- These components work together to collect, analyze, store, and distribute information to support decision-making, control, and coordination in an organization.
Information Technology (IT)
- IT falls under the information systems umbrella.
- IT deals with the technology and new developments involved in the systems themselves.
- IT is used for the collection, storage, analysis, and distribution of information.
Role of IT in the Tourism Industry
- Tourism is an information-intensive and highly networked business.
- Various local and international stakeholders cooperate in tourism.
- IT and information systems facilitate information collection, storage, analysis, and distribution related to tourism.
Information Types
- Data
- Text graphics
- Voice
- Images
- Videos
Information Technology Requirements
- Infrastructure
- Access
- Education & Awareness
- Legislative Environment
- Policy and Regulatory
Benefits of IT for Tourists
- Access information easily at any time.
- Get up-to-date and rich information.
- Have more choices with various travel websites.
- Get better offers and special promotions
- Reduce costs and commissions of intermediaries
- Compare prices and shop for lowest prices.
- Communicate effectively with other travellers and service providers.
Benefits of IT for Organizations
- Improves marketing and sales processes.
- Improves customer service and relationships.
- Locates customers and/or suppliers worldwide at reasonable cost.
- Better understanding of consumer needs.
- Reduces gap between consumer expectations and perceived experience.
- Business is always open (24/7/365).
- Reduces costs.
- Enables small companies to compete against large ones in the e-market.
The Change of the Traditional Tourism Business
- Millions of people rely on the Internet for various daily activities.
- The technological revolution has dramatically changed the way tourism business is done.
- The establishment of Computer Reservation Systems (CRSs) in the 1970s, Global Distribution Systems (GDSs) in the late 1980s, and the Internet in the late 1990s transformed tourism operations and strategies.
Internet and IT Limitations
- Lack of universal standards for quality, security, and reliability.
- Lack of standards in technology and its applications.
- Financial resource shortages for integrating systems by SMEs.
- Expensive or inconvenient internet accessibility in some places.
- Evolving software development tools.
Non-Technological Limitations
- Security and privacy concerns.
- Increasing online fraud.
- Lack of trust in e-commerce and unknown sellers.
- Resistance to change from face-to-face shopping to online stores.
- Legal and public policy issues.
- National and international government regulations that hinder e-commerce activities.
- Insufficient enough sellers and buyers in less developed countries.
Characteristics of New Online Tourists
- Experienced and demanding tourists needing high-quality products and value for time.
- Culturally and environmentally aware
- Interact directly with suppliers for better understanding of specific needs and wishes.
- Compare prices and offers online, and plan complex travel arrangements within a single tour.
- Not willing to tolerate delays.
- Active information producers via blogs, forums, and social media.
Types of Travel Intermediaries
- Supplier (e.g., hotels, airlines)
- Intermediaries(e.g., travel agencies, sales representatives, computerized reservation systems - CRS, global distribution systems - GDS)
- Customer (tourist)
Centralized Computer Reservation Systems (CRS)
- A database system enables tourism organizations to manage reservations and make them accessible to partners.
- Developed by airlines in the 1970s, adopted by hotels and tour operators.
- Improves customer services by giving travel agencies direct access to prices, reservations, and more.
Global Distribution Systems (GDS)
- GDS are a more advanced version of CRS.
- Connects travel agents with multiple suppliers' databases, such as airlines and hotels.
- Enables real-time price checking, reservation making, and confirmation.
Online Travel Agencies (OTAs)
- Websites or online services that sell travel-related products.
- Third-party sellers that resell services on behalf of other companies.
- Guaranteed fixed commission per booking.
- Critical part of most hotel's business, as customers prefer them for booking tours and travel.
- Enables small/medium travel companies to gain advantages while saving money.
Importance of Online Travel Agents (OTAs)
- Serve as marketing and distribution channels.
- Provide a form of advertising, leading to higher awareness of hotels.
- Offer cheaper solutions compared to direct bookings.
- Offer better deals than hotels' own websites.
- Provide tailored direct mail campaigns and loyalty programs.
The 5 Stages of Travel
- Dreaming stage
- Researching stage
- Booking stage
- Experiencing phase
- Sharing phase
Applications of E-tourism: Destination Management Systems (DMS)
- Web-based information systems to market and manage destinations as a whole.
- Provide tourists comprehensive and accurate information for vacations.
- Facilitate booking facilities for tourism services and products.
- Provide a comprehensive marketing strategy that benefits tourism organizations as a single entity.
Egyptian E-tourism
- Tourism development is a top priority for the Egyptian government.
- Tourism contributes significantly to the country's foreign currency earnings.
- E-tourism development is not yet well-developed in Egypt.
- Most companies in the tourism industry in Egypt rely on basic e-marketing methods such as communication and inquiries.
VR in Tourism Sector
- Virtual Reality (VR) provides better visualization of a destination to enhance and/or improve the consumer experience.
- Offers virtual tours of the destinations, allowing users to explore and better understand the destination before their trip.
- VR enhances the marketing aspect for a better customer experience.
- VR for better preservation and accessibility of heritage sites.
Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Hotels
- Smart hotels use internet-connected devices.
- Improves guest experience, efficiency, and cost savings.
- Allows automation of various hotel operations, leading to better sustainability for the hotel and environment.
- Helps better management (scheduling, monitoring, maintenance).
- Facilitates easy check-ins and check-outs.
Conclusion (General)
- Emerging technologies, like IT and IS, have changed the traditional travel business
- Customers are more likely to trust their peer reviews, compared with promotions, etc., from suppliers.
- Tourism industries have to adapt to the new norms provided by new technologies.
- The tourism industry needs to use these opportunities to improve efficiency, profits for businesses, and enhance guest experience.
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Description
استكشف المعلومات الأساسية حول نظام المعلومات وتطبيقاته في مجال السياحة الإلكترونية. هذا الاختبار يتناول الأنواع المختلفة من المعلومات، المكونات الأساسية، والتحديات التي تواجه السياحة الإلكترونية. كما يتم تسليط الضوء على الفوائد والتقنيات الحديثة المرتبطة بهذا المجال.
