MedSurg Final
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Questions and Answers

The normal range for sodium (Na) in blood is typically between ______ .

135-145

The normal range for Potassium (K+) is _______

3.5-5.0

Normal range for Chloride is ______

98-106

Normal range for calcium is ___________

<p>8.8-10.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normal range for phosphorus is __________

<p>2.5-4.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normal range for Magnesium is ______

<p>1.8-2.6</p> Signup and view all the answers

135-145

<p>sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

3.5-5.0

<p>potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

98-106

<p>chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

8.8-10.5

<p>calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

2.5-4.5

<p>phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

1.8-2.6

<p>magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ph normal range is

<p>7.35-7.45</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ph below 7.35 is

<p>acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ph above 7.45

<p>alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

PCo2 normal range

<p>35-45</p> Signup and view all the answers

PCo2 less than 35

<p>alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

PCo2 over 45

<p>acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

HCo3 (bicarb) normal range

<p>22-26</p> Signup and view all the answers

HCo3 over 26

<p>alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

HCo3 (bicarb) less than 22

<p>acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medications are used to dilate pupils (mydriasis) for glaucoma?

<p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mydriasis mean?

<p>Dilation of the pupils</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patients with retinal detachment commonly see

<p>flashes of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition would a chest tube be used for?

<p>Tension pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

What side effect can you see with Rifampin?

<p>Orange discoloration of bodily fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you do for a patient with Meniere's disease?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insulin Onset

<p>Rapid acting = 5-15 min Short acting = 30 to 60 min Long and Intermediate acting = 1 to 2 hours Standard insulin syringe size = U100</p> Signup and view all the answers

Insulin peak

<p>Rapid = 1 to 2 hours Afrezza (inhaled rapid) = 12 to 15 min Short = 2.5 hours Intermediate (NPH) = 4 to 8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

Duration

<p>Rapid = 3 to 5 hours Long = 24 hours Short = 6 to 10 hours NPH (intermediate) = 10 to 18 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication commonly given to patients with hypertension (HTN) ends with the suffix SARTAN?

<p>Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medications given to patients with hypertension (HTN) typically end in PRIL?

<p>ACE inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Furosemide is what kind of medication?

<p>Diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the anticipated side effects of the Aldactone / spironolactone?

<p>Hyperkalemia and gynecomastia and hyponatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of rapid-acting insulin?

<p>All answers are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is regular insulin short acting and the only insulin able to be given via IV?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Complications of this can lead to mastoiditis and meningitis if left untreated.

<p>Acute otitis media (middle ear infection)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of diet would be indicated for a patient with Meniere's disease?

<p>Low-sodium diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main bronchodilator used for acute asthma attacks?

<p>Albuterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

Best way to prevent atelectasis?

<p>All answers are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Finasteride decreases prostate size and has the side effect of gynecomastia, ED, and decreased libido and is sometimes used in combination with doxazosin for BPH.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match

<p>Tinea capitis = scalp or eyebrows Tinea corporis = body Tinea cruris = Groin area; jock itch Tinea unguium = Toenails</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mastoiditis increases the risk of what?

<p>Meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medication is used for malignant hyperthermia?

<p>Dantrolene</p> Signup and view all the answers

Matching

<p>hypocalcemia = hyper reflexes, Chvostek sign, Trousseau sign hypermagnesia = hypo reflexes Potassium = Cardiac hypercalcemia = hypoactive DTR</p> Signup and view all the answers

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