Nonmembranous and Membranous Organelles Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Movement of materials over the cell membrane

Control of metabolism

Protein synthesis (correct)

Break down organic compounds

What are cilia primarily used for?

Movement of materials over the cell membrane (correct)

Increase surface area

Production of ATP

Containment of DNA

What is the essential function of the centrosome with centriole?

Facilitate absorption

Movement of chromosomes during cell division (correct)

Storage of genetic information

Protein synthesis

What is the primary function of microvilli?

Increase surface area for absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure and function of cytoskeleton?

Organized proteins in filaments or tubes for support Signup and view all the answers

What function does the peroxisome serve?

Catabolism of fats and detoxification Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitochondria?

Production of ATP Signup and view all the answers

What does the nucleus control?

Metabolism and genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of the Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Synthesis of secretory products and intracellular transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Golgi Apparatus?

Storage, alteration, and packaging of products Signup and view all the answers

What do lysosomes do?

Digestive enzyme storage for waste removal Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nonmembranous Organelles

Ribosomes: Composed of RNA and proteins; their primary function is protein synthesis by bringing together amino acids.
Cilia: Membrane extensions containing microtubules arranged in a 9 by 2 pattern; facilitate movement of materials over cell surfaces.
Centrosome with Centrioles: Structure made of centrioles composed of 9 by 3 microtubules; critical for chromosome movement during mitosis.
Microvilli: Membrane extensions with microfilaments; enhance cell surface area for increased absorption of extracellular materials.
Cytoskeleton: Network of proteins organized into fine filaments or slender tubes; provides strength, support, and aids in cellular movement.

Membranous Organelles

Peroxisome: Vesicles containing degradative enzymes; involved in the catabolism of fats and organic compounds and the neutralization of toxic substances produced during metabolism.
Mitochondria: Double-membraned organelle with inner membrane folds called cristae; responsible for producing 95% of the ATP needed by the cell.
Nucleus: Surrounded by a double membrane (nuclear envelope) with nuclear pores; contains nucleoplasm, nucleotides, enzymes, and chromatin, controlling metabolism and storing genetic information. It also plays a role in RNA synthesis and the assembly of ribosomal subunits.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth/Rough): Network of membranous channels; rough ER is studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis, while smooth ER is involved in lipid and carbohydrate synthesis, and calcium ion storage. Functions include synthesis of secretory products and intracellular transport.
Golgi Apparatus: Stacks of flattened membranes (cisternae) that serve as a storage and packaging center for secretory products and lysosomal enzymes; plays an essential role in modifying and exporting proteins (exocytosis).
Lysosome: Vesicles filled with digestive enzymes; responsible for the intracellular removal of damaged organelles and pathogens.

Description

Test your knowledge on the functions and structures of nonmembranous and membranous organelles with this quiz. Learn about crucial components like ribosomes and cilia, and their roles in cellular processes. Perfect for biology enthusiasts and students alike!