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Questions and Answers
Which type of arthritis is characterized by inflammation of one or more joints?
What is the main function of synovial fluid in a joint?
Which connective tissue surrounds the ends of bones in a joint?
What is the main characteristic of non-inflammatory arthropathies?
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Which type of arthritis is associated with the presence of uric acid crystals in joints?
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Which part of the joint secretes synovial fluid?
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What is the most common arthropathy affecting the US population?
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Which autoimmune disease affects 1-2% of the adult population?
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What is a risk factor for osteoarthritis?
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Which type of arthritis has a classic triad of symptoms involving the eyes, urinary system, and joints?
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What is a characteristic feature of rheumatoid arthritis?
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What is a symptom of juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
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What causes acute episodes of painful joint inflammation in gout?
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What is a diagnostic method for gout?
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Which type of arthritis affects approximately 1 in 1000 children?
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What are risk factors for gout?
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What is the prevalence of Ankylosing Spondylitis?
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What percentage of patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis are HLA-B27 positive?
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What is the most common ocular manifestation in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis?
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What percentage of patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis have a family history as a risk factor?
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What percentage of cases of Reactive Arthritis resolve with no long-term complications?
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What is the triad found in approximately 33% of cases involving Reactive Arthritis?
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What is the most common gender prevalence in Ankylosing Spondylitis?
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What percentage of patients with Psoriatic Arthropathy are HLA-B27 positive?
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Which inflammatory arthropathy is associated with Crohn’s Disease in 50-60% of cases?
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What is the underlying spondylarthropathy in 84% of cases for patients who have iritis and are HLA-B27 positive?
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Study Notes
Common Types of Arthritis and Autoimmune Diseases
- Osteoarthritis is the most common arthropathy affecting 10-13% of the US population, with knee and hip joints being most commonly affected.
- Risk factors for osteoarthritis include obesity, autoimmune diseases, increased age, previous joint injury, and repetitive motion.
- Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that affects 1-2% of the adult population, with a higher prevalence in women and an average onset between 20-30 years.
- Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the joints, leading to joint deformity and reduced life expectancy.
- Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis involves lab tests for rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, antinuclear antibody, and HLA-DR1 and HLA-DR4.
- Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis includes disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, biologics, anti-inflammatories, physical therapy, exercise, and surgery.
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common childhood arthritis, affecting approximately 1 in 1000 children, with onset before 16 years and a higher prevalence in females.
- Symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis include joint stiffness, limited range of motion, systemic symptoms, and ocular manifestations such as anterior uveitis.
- Gout is characterized by acute episodes of painful joint inflammation caused by uric acid buildup, affecting 3 million cases in the US, with a higher prevalence in men and in African Americans.
- Risk factors for gout include age, sex, genetics, renal disease, diet, obesity, and systemic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.
- Diagnosis of gout involves serology, urinalysis, and synovial fluid aspiration, and treatment aims to reduce pain, inflammation, and uric acid levels through medication and dietary modifications.
- Reactive arthritis, also known as Reiter's syndrome, is an inflammatory arthritis occurring after genitourinary or gastrointestinal infection, with a higher prevalence in men and a classic triad of symptoms involving the eyes, urinary system, and joints.
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Description
This lecture covers the pathophysiology, clinical findings, and diagnostic principles related to non-inflammatory arthropathies such as osteoarthritis. It also includes an understanding of inflammatory arthropathies like rheumatoid arthritis, JIA, gout, and spondylarthropathies.
