Non-ferrous Materials and Alloys Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why water is commonly used as a quenching medium?

Its chemical properties enhance metal properties

It has a higher cooling rate compared to other mediums

It is abundant and cost-effective (correct)

It produces a specific type of metal structure

What is the purpose of tempering in the metalworking process?

To prevent the formation of martensite

To soften the metal and achieve optimal properties balance (correct)

To harden the metal further

To increase the cooling rate of the metal

What does shot peening aim to achieve in metalworking?

Enhance the ductility of the metal

Accelerate the cooling process of the metal

Increase the hardness of the metal surface

Improve the fatigue life of the metal (correct)

Which of the following statements about casting is true?

Casting can be done using a refractory mold with a specific shape cavity Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Bronze Age in relation to the casting process?

It marked a refinement in the casting process Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes oils from water as a quenching medium in metalworking?

Oils are cheaper but less effective at cooling Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference in composition between cast iron and steel?

Cast iron contains 2–4% carbon and 1–3% silicon, while steel contains less than 2% carbon. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of iron is known for being able to produce ringing sounds?

Wrought Iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason cast iron is not worked with hammers and tools?

It lacks malleability and ductility for manual forging. Signup and view all the answers

Which property is NOT typically associated with non-metals?

High conductivity of heat and electricity Signup and view all the answers

What property allows steel to have a carbon content ranging up to 2 percent or less?

Alloyed with carbon Signup and view all the answers

What makes wrought iron suitable for being formed into thin sheets?

High ductility Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of heat treatment with regards to steel designations?

To improve hardenability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a principal non-ferrous material in the text?

Nickel Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of zinc in alloys?

To act as a corrosion and oxidation resistance agent Signup and view all the answers

Which type of heat treatment process results in the hardest microstructure?

Martensite (Hardest- Fast Cooling) Signup and view all the answers

In steel designations, what effect does heat treatment have on toughness and ductility?

Increases toughness and ductility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for conducting heat treatment on metals?

To adjust the metal’s microstructures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quenching and Tempering

Quenching medium most commonly used is water due to its abundant availability, high heat removal capabilities, and low cost.
Salts like sodium chloride or sodium hydroxide may be added to water, and oils can also be used as quenching media, but with a lower cooling rate.
Tempering is a process of heating metal to below the critical temperature to form an optimal balance between properties, producing ferrite and iron carbide from martensite.

Shot Peening

Shot peening is a controlled cold working process of hitting the surface of the metal at high velocity with small spherical metallic elements called shot.
This process increases the fatigue life of metal in a way that is not attainable by any other similar production means.

Metal Casting Process

Casting involves pouring molten metal into a refractory mold with a cavity of the shape to be made and allowing it to solidify.
The solidified object is called casting, and this process is also called founding.
The oldest casting in existence is believed to be a copper frog cast in Mesopotamia around 3200 BCE.
The Bronze Age brought refinement into the casting process.

Alloys

Alloys are metallic solids, complex in composition, formed as a result of solidification of molten liquid of two or more elements.
Alloys have properties that are a compromise between those of their constituents and sometimes have properties superior to and quite different from those of their constituents.

Heat Treatment

Heat treatment is used to:
- Increase machinability
- Increase electrical and magnetic properties
- Increase resistance to softening on tempering
- Increase abrasion resistance
- Increase hardness of steels that cannot be quenched
Heat treatment can be done to either soften or harden steel.
The process of affecting properties by controlled heating and cooling rates is called heat treatment.
Types of heat treatment include annealing, normalizing, and pearlite, bainite, and martensite.

Iron and Steel

Absolute pure iron is very difficult to obtain.
Two types of iron are wrought and cast iron.
Wrought iron properties include malleability, conductivity, sonority, luster, and ductility.
Ferrous materials include steel, cast iron, and alloys of iron (stainless steel), etc.
Cast iron is produced by smelting iron-carbon alloys that have a carbon content greater than 2%.
Cast iron is not worked with hammers and tools, and it contains 2–4% carbon and other alloys, and 1–3% of silicon, which improves the casting performance of the molten metal.
Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent or less.
Plain carbon steel is a metal alloy.

General Properties of Metals and Non-Metals

Metals have high malleability, conductivity, sonority, luster, and ductility.
Non-metals are brittle or soft, bad conductors of heat and electricity, and have low or no malleability and ductility.

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Description

Test your knowledge on non-ferrous materials like Aluminum, Copper, Zinc, and Magnesium, as well as the properties and formation of alloys. Learn about the composition, properties, and uses of alloys formed from multiple elements. Explore the importance of heat treatment in enhancing alloy characteristics.