Non-Cooperation Movement Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the significance of the special session of Congress held in September 1920?

It was where the Non-Cooperation Movement was officially passed under the chairmanship of Lala Lajpat Rai.

Which key event led to the announcement of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the Montagu-Chelmsford reforms created unrest that prompted the movement.

What were the two types of actions described under the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Constructive and destructive actions; constructive involved building local institutions, while destructive involved boycotting British institutions.

Name one major effect of the Non-Cooperation Movement in Chhattisgarh.

<p>The movement significantly impacted the legal practices as many lawyers like Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla and Narayan Tiwari discontinued their advocacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the Congress session in Nagpur take place to discuss the implementation of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>The Congress session in Nagpur was held in December 1920.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the major consequence of the boycott of government titles during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Leaders like Vaman Rao and Barrister Kalyan Ji renounced their government titles as a statement against British rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who chaired the special session of Congress in Kolkatta for the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Lala Lajpat Rai was the chairman of the Congress special session held in Kolkatta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first person to resign from government services during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Someshwar Sinha</p> Signup and view all the answers

What actions did participants take as part of the destructive component of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Participants boycotted elections, resigned from government jobs, and left advocacy practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which British title was given to Kazi Sher Khan that he later renounced?

<p>Khan Sahib</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Non-Cooperation Movement promote the use of Khadi?

<p>The movement encouraged the use of Khadi by promoting local textile production and reducing dependence on British goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which advocate from Raipur is noted for renouncing their practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla is one notable advocate who left his practice in Raipur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify one legislator from the Raipur District Council who boycotted the election.

<p>Yadav Rao Deshmukh</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the collective impact of various advocates renouncing their practices in different regions?

<p>It unified the legal community's stand against British injustices and strengthened the nationalist movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event happened in the education sector due to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

<p>Students left schools to join the movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the alternatives promoted through the Non-Cooperation Movement as part of constructive work?

<p>Establishing local schools, promoting Khadi production, and constructing self-reliant community structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who authored 'English Raj in India' and influenced students at Normal School?

<p>Sundarlal Sharma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify one prominent figure from Rajnandgaon who renounced their legal title during the movement.

<p>Thakur Pyarelal Singh from Rajnandgaon renounced his legal title.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which title did Nagendra Nath renounce?

<p>Rai Bahadur</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the Non-Cooperation Movement create unrest within the Indian political landscape?

<p>It challenged established British institutions and mobilized mass participation against colonial rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the boycott of the Legislative Council elections?

<p>Support for the Non-Cooperation Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who served as MLA from the area of Dhamtari and subsequently resigned?

<p>Bajirao Kadant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What divided the Raipur Constituency into North and South?

<p>Geographical factors and administrative divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the students after hearing Sundarlal Sharma's speech?

<p>They left the school.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area was represented by Faguwa Rahi Das in the reelections?

<p>Northern Raipur</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Council Boycott Movement?

<p>To oppose British legislative control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was significant about the timing of the government service resignations?

<p>They coincided with the start of the Non-Cooperation Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two districts were primarily linked to the assembly divisions of Raipur?

<p>Dhamtari and Mahasamund</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was established following the boycott of the British courts in Chhattisgarh?

<p>The National Panchayat was established.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the first National Panchayat formed in Dhamtari?

<p>It was formed on February 5, 1920.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who supported Madhav Rao Sapre in collecting funds for the National School in Raipur?

<p>Mahant Lakshminarayan Das and M. D. Dhani supported him.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the medium of instruction at the National School established in Raipur?

<p>The medium of instruction was Hindi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who became the principal of the National School in Raipur?

<p>Ram Narayan Tiwari became the principal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which significant leader established a National School in Dhamtari?

<p>Babulal Chhotelal Srivastava established the National School.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where and when was the first National School established?

<p>The first National School was established in Raipur in February 1921.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of establishing ashrams in the movement?

<p>Ashrams were established to keep the movement alive and train regional youth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two types of ashrams mentioned in the content?

<p>Satyagraha Ashram and Khadi Ashram.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the head of the Satyagraha Ashram established in Raipur?

<p>Pandit Sundarlal Sharma was the head.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who opened a National School in Bilaspur and what was the principal's name?

<p>Badri Nath Sahu opened a National School, and the principal was Shiv Dulare Mishra.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant role did Azeezur Rahman play in Dhamtari's National School?

<p>Azeezur Rahman served as the principal of the National School.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the financial challenge faced by Babulal Srivastava's school in Dhamtari?

<p>The school had to close due to financial weakness by 1924.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What essential activity took place on February 5, 1921, related to the establishment of ashrams?

<p>The Satyagraha Ashram was established on this date in Raipur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was mandatory for individuals to wear during that time period?

<p>Khadi cloths were made compulsory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who started the Khadi Bhandar in Eipur?

<p>Devendra Tiwari started the Khadi Bhandar in Eipur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the editor of the magazine 'Karmaveer'?

<p>Makhanlal Chaturvedi was the editor of 'Karmaveer'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was Makhanlal Chaturvedi arrested?

<p>He was arrested on May 12, 1921.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant poem did Makhanlal Chaturvedi compose while in jail?

<p>He composed the poem 'Pushpa Ki Abhilasha'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long was Makhanlal Chaturvedi imprisoned?

<p>He was imprisoned for eight months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened at the Chauri Chaura incident?

<p>People burned down a police station resulting in police deaths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Gandhi decide after the Chauri Chaura incident?

<p>He decided to withdraw from the Non-Cooperation Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of 'Shri Krishna Janmasthali Patrika'?

<p>It documented the birthplace of Lord Krishna.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prominent leaders arrived in Chhattisgarh during the non-cooperation movement?

<p>Rajendra Prasad, C. Rajagopalachari, and Subhadra Kumari Chauhan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where was Makhanlal Chaturvedi arrested from?

<p>He was arrested from Bilaspur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Makhanlal Chaturvedi complete his poem in jail?

<p>He completed it by February 18, 1922.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Mahatma Gandhi believe after the events of Chauri Chaura?

<p>He believed the people were not ready for a non-violent struggle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the three significant programs related to Gandhian ideology mentioned in the content?

<p>The three significant programs are the Untouchable Program, the Alcohol Prohibition Program, and the Cow Slaughter Program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the main proponent of the Untouchable Program before Gandhi's involvement?

<p>Pandit Sundarlal Sharma was the main proponent of the Untouchable Program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event did Pandit Sundarlal Sharma organize in 1918?

<p>In 1918, he organized a mass gathering of the Satnamis to promote the cause of untouchables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the duration of the fast undertaken by Pandit Chhadiram Chaube for the Untouchable Movement?

<p>Pandit Chhadiram Chaube undertook a 21-day fast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Mahant Nain Das play in the context of the Cow Slaughter Program?

<p>Mahant Nain Das practiced non-violence and prohibited cow slaughter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Alcohol Prohibition Meeting take place at Gandhi Chowk?

<p>The Alcohol Prohibition Meeting took place in February 1921.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two places experienced a strike against alcohol shops as part of the prohibition movement?

<p>The strikes took place in Bilaspur and at Hiralal Kalars' shop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Swadeshi' refer to in the context of the movement discussed?

<p>Swadeshi refers to the promotion of indigenous products over British-made goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which town initiated a scheme to encourage the wearing of khadi among government employees?

<p>Raipur initiated the scheme for government employees to wear khadi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which dates was Khadi Week celebrated in 1921?

<p>Khadi Week was celebrated from October 7 to October 15, 1921.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant initiative was taken by Babu Telal Shrivastav in Dhamtari?

<p>Babu Telal Shrivastav started making khadi at his home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the municipality of Bilaspur enforce khadi among its residents?

<p>The municipality mandated that all residents wear khadi.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the sacred thread during the gathering of Satnamis?

<p>The sacred thread symbolized equality and unity among the participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context did the term 'non-cooperation movement' relate to the discussed programs?

<p>The non-cooperation movement inspired activists like Pandit Chhadiram Chaube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Calcutta Congress Session (1920)

A special session of the Indian National Congress held in Calcutta (Kolkata) in September 1920 to discuss and pass the Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM).

Who was the chairman of the Calcutta Congress Session (1920)?

The leader of the Calcutta Congress Session (1920), where the NCM was passed. He was a prominent figure in the Indian nationalist movement.

Nagpur Congress Session (1920)

The winter session of the Indian National Congress that was originally scheduled for Nagpur in December 1920. However, a special session was called in Calcutta to pass the Non-Cooperation Movement resolution. This session later took place in Nagpur to discuss and implement the NCM program.

What are some examples of 'disruptive' actions in the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Actions taken by the Non-Cooperation Movement that aimed to directly oppose the British government, such as resigning from government jobs, boycotting British goods, and refusing to participate in elections.

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What are some examples of 'constructive' actions in the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Actions taken in the Non-Cooperation Movement that aimed to build alternatives to existing British structures, such as promoting Khadi, establishing schools, and encouraging self-governance at the village level. These aimed to create a parallel system and weaken reliance on the British.

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What is the significance of the 'renunciation of government titles' in the Non-Cooperation Movement?

The act of giving up a position or title, particularly those conferred by the British government, as a form of protest by Indian nationals during the Non-Cooperation Movement. This was a symbol of rejecting British authority and embracing self-rule.

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Who are some of the lawyers from Raipur who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Prominent individuals from Raipur who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement, demonstrating their support for the national cause. This decision had a significant impact on the local legal system.

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Who was the lawyer from Rajnandgaon who renounced his legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

A prominent lawyer from Rajnandgaon who renounced his legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement. His decision was a significant step towards national freedom.

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Who was the lawyer from Chhuikhadan who renounced his legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

A lawyer from Chhuikhadan who renounced his practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement, showcasing his commitment to the national cause. This decision challenged the legal system established by the British.

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Who are the lawyers from Durg who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Lawyers from Durg who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement, demonstrating their support for the national cause.

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Who are the lawyers from Bilaspur who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Lawyers from Bilaspur who renounced their legal practice during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Their decision to do so was a significant act of support for the national cause.

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What is a 'Ray Sahab'?

A title conferred by the British government on Indian citizens as a mark of honor and recognition.

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Who renounced the title of 'Ray Sahab' during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

An individual who renounced the title of 'Ray Sahab' during the Non-Cooperation Movement, a symbolic act of rejecting British rule. It showed a commitment to self-governance.

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What are 'Government Titles' in the context of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

The various titles, honors, and awards given by the British government to Indian citizens as a symbol of their authority and influence. Renouncing these titles during the Non-Cooperation Movement became a symbol of rejecting British rule and embracing self-governance.

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Renunciation of Government Services

The act of giving up a government position or title in support of a cause.

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Non-Cooperation Movement

A movement in India aimed at achieving self-rule by refusing to cooperate with British rule.

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Who renounced government service?

A person who refused to cooperate with the British government during the Non-Cooperation Movement by giving up their government job.

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Someshwar Sinha

A person who held a government position and gave up their post as per the principles of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Lakshmi Narayan Varma

A person who held a government position and gave up their post as per the principles of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Yadunandan Prasad Shrivastav

A person who held a government position and gave up their post as per the principles of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Council Boycott Movement

A movement aimed at boycotting elections and legislative councils as part of the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Yadav Rao Deshmukh

A person who actively boycotted the Raipur District Council, showing opposition to the British government.

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Baji Rao Kridant

A person who resigned as an MLA from Raipur, demonstrating support for the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Baji Rao's Constituency

The Northern and Southern regions of Raipur were separate constituencies during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Which area did Baji Rao Kridant represent?

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Faguwa Rahi Das

This person won the re-election in the Northern Raipur constituency after Baji Rao Kridant resigned.

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Sundarlal Sharma

The author of "English Raj in India", whose speech inspired many students to join the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Normal School

A school where students learned about English education, which became a focal point for the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Student Response to Sundarlal's Speech

Many students from this school showed their support for the Non-Cooperation Movement by withdrawing their participation in the institution.

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Constructive Work of the Non-Cooperation Movement

The Non-Cooperation Movement involved various forms of non-violent resistance against British rule, including the renunciation of government positions, boycott of elections, and leaving educational institutions.

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Swadeshi Movement

A movement in India aimed at promoting self-reliance and boycotting British-made goods.

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Untouchability Program

A program implemented during the Non-Cooperation Movement to combat the social ill of untouchability.

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Alcohol Prohibition Program

A campaign launched during the Non-Cooperation Movement to promote abstinence from alcohol consumption.

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Gandhi's Philosophy

A Gandhian ideology emphasizing non-violence and resistance against social injustice.

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Pandit Sundarlal Sharma

A prominent figure who spearheaded the fight against untouchability.

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Mass Gathering of Satnamis

A significant event that marked the beginning of the fight against untouchability.

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Pandit Chhaviram Chaube

A prominent individual who advocated for the fight against untouchability.

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Cow Slaughter Prohibition Program

A program aimed at preventing the slaughter of cows, an important animal in Hindu culture.

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Mahant Naina Das

A key figure associated with the Cow Slaughter Prohibition Program.

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Meeting at Gandhi Chowk

A pivotal event in the Alcohol Prohibition Program.

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Kutuubuddin

A prominent person who advocated for the Alcohol Prohibition Program.

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Locations of Strikes

Locations where strikes against liquor shops took place.

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Heeralal Kalar

A prominent figure who led a strike against a liquor shop in Bilaspur.

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Swadeshi Products

The promotion and use of goods produced within India, as opposed to imported British products.

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Raipur

A key city where the Swadeshi Movement gained momentum.

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What is the Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM)?

A movement calling for non-violent resistance against British rule in India, encouraging Indians to boycott British goods and institutions.

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What is a 'Khadi Bhandar'?

A shop that sold Khadi cloth, a home-spun fabric promoted as a symbol of Indian self-reliance during the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Who is Maqhanlal Chaturvedi?

The editor of the 'Karmaveer', a prominent nationalist magazine, who gave a passionate speech against the British.

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Where was Maqhanlal Chaturvedi's speech held?

A public gathering or event where Maqhanlal Chaturvedi delivered his powerful speech against the British.

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Where was Maqhanlal Chaturvedi arrested?

The location where Maqhanlal Chaturvedi was arrested after his speech against the British.

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Where was Maqhanlal Chaturvedi imprisoned?

The prison where Maqhanlal Chaturvedi was imprisoned following his arrest for his speech.

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What poem did Maqhanlal Chaturvedi write in jail?

A famous poem written by Maqhanlal Chaturvedi while he was imprisoned in Bilaspur Jail.

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When was Maqhanlal Chaturvedi released from jail?

The date when Maqhanlal Chaturvedi was released from Bilaspur Jail.

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Who is Rajendra Prasad?

A famous Hindu national leader who visited Chhattisgarh during the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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What is the 'Chauri Chaura' incident?

A significant incident in the Non-Cooperation Movement that led to its withdrawal.

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When did the 'Chauri Chaura' incident occur?

The date when the 'Chauri Chaura' incident occurred.

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Where did the 'Chauri Chaura' incident occur?

The place where the 'Chauri Chaura' incident occurred.

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Who is Sundarlal Sharma?

A prominent figure in the Non-Cooperation Movement arrested and imprisoned after its withdrawal.

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What did Sundarlal Sharma write in jail?

A publication written by Sundarlal Sharma during his imprisonment in the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Who is Mahatma Gandhi?

A famous Indian leader who withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement.

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Formation of the National Panchayat

The National Panchayat, a council established by the Congress, was formed to address the growing number of boycotted cases in response to the British legal system.

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Where and when was the first National Panchayat formed?

The first National Panchayat was established in Dhamtari on the 5th of February, 1921, by a prominent leader in the region, Bajirao Kridant.

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Where and when was the second National Panchayat formed?

The second National Panchayat was founded on March 4th, 1921, in Raipur, by a leader named Jas Karan Daga.

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First National School - Location and year?

The first National School was established in Raipur in 1921, with a focus on promoting nationalist education and ideals.

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Who was instrumental in setting up the National School in Raipur?

Madhav Rao Sapre played a key role in establishing the first National School in Raipur, spearheading fund-raising efforts for the school.

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Who supported Madhav Rao Sapre in his efforts to set up the first National School?

Mahant Laxmi Narayan Das and M. D. Dhani were key supporters of Madhav Rao Sapre in the fundraising drive for the first National School.

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Who was the first principal of the National School in Raipur?

Ram Narayan Tiwari, a lawyer who left his practice, became the first principal of the National School in Raipur.

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Who started a National School in Dhamtari and how?

Babulal Chhote Lal Srivastava, based in Dhamtari, established a National School in his home and financed it through his personal funds.

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What happened to the National School in Dhamtari?

The National School in Dhamtari operated until 1924, when financial difficulties led to its closure.

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Who was the principal of the National School in Dhamtari?

Ajezur Rehman was the principal of the National School in Dhamtari.

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Who started the National School in Rajnandgaon?

Thakur Pyarelal, Baldev Prasad Mishra, and Padum Lal Punalal established a National School in Rajnandgaon.

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Who started the National School in Bilaspur and who was the principal?

Badrinath Sav, in Bilaspur, opened a National School at his residence and appointed Shiv Dulari Mishra as the principal.

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Who was a teacher at the National School in Bilaspur?

Yadunandan Prasad Srivastava served as a teacher at the National School in Bilaspur.

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What were Ashrrams and why were they important?

The National Movement established Ashrams (centers) to keep the movement active and train young people, particularly in leadership and non-violent resistance.

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Where and when was the Satyagraha Ashram established?

The Satyagraha Ashram, established in Raipur in 1921, aimed to promote non-violent resistance and train young activists.

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Who was the leader of the Satyagraha Ashram?

Pandit Sundarlal Sharma was the leader of the Satyagraha Ashram, playing a key role in its establishment and development.

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Where and when was the Khadi Ashram established and what was its purpose?

The Khadi Ashram, also established in Raipur in 1921, focused on promoting the use of Khadi cloth as a symbol of self-reliance and a challenge to British rule.

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Who started the Khadi Ashram in Raipur?

Thakur Pyarelal and Vaman Rao Lakhe took the initiative to set up the Khadi Ashram in Raipur.

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Study Notes

Non-Cooperation Movement in Chhattisgarh

  • The Non-Cooperation Movement (NCM) began in India after the Khilafat Movement and the Rowlatt Act in September 1920.
  • A special session of the Indian National Congress was held at Kolkata in 1920 with Lala Lajpat Rai as chairperson.
  • The NCM was adopted during this Kolkata session.
  • A winter session of the Congress was scheduled for Nagpur in December 1920.
  • The program and working framework for the NCM were decided during the Nagpur session.

Key Features of the NCM

  • The NCM involved both constructive and destructive actions.
  • Destructive actions included quitting advocacy/legal practices, resigning from government jobs, boycotting elections.
  • Constructive actions focused on promoting self-sufficiency like establishing Khadi ashrams, which impacted British textile markets.

Renunciation of Advocacy in Chhattisgarh

  • Prominent Chhattisgarh lawyers resigned from their legal practices in support of the NCM.
  • Raipur: Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla, Narayan Tiwari, Yadav Rao Deshmukh, and others.
  • Rajnandgaon: Thakur Pyarelal Singh
  • Baloda Bazar (part of Raipur): Baldev Prasad Mishra, Govardhan Lal Srivastava.
  • Durg: Ghanshyam Singh Gupta, Ratnakar Jadhav.
  • Bilaspur: Raghavendra Rao, Vaman Rao Khan.

Renunciation of Government Titles in Chhattisgarh

  • Raipur: Vaman Rao Lakhe renounced the title of Rai Sahib in 1921. Barrister Kalyanji, Murariji, and Gopi Kishan also renounced titles.
  • Other Areas: Nagesh Nath De renunciated the title of Rai Bahadur. Kazi Sher Khan renounced the title of Khan Sahib.

Renunciation of Government Services in Chhattisgarh

  • Chhattisgarh: Someshwar Sinha, Laxmi Narayan Verma, and Yadunandan Prasad Srivastava were among those who resigned from government service.

Boycott of Councils and Elections

  • Raipur District Council: Yadav Rao Deshmukh spearheaded the boycott of the Raipur district council.
  • Raipur Legislative Assembly:
    • It was divided into North and South Raipur, with the North encompassing areas like Baloda Bazar and South encompassing areas like Dhamtari and Mahasamund.
    • Bazi Rao Kudat, the MLA from the Dhamtari-Mahasamund region, resigned.
    • Re-elections were later held, electing new MLAs. Faguwa Rahi Das from North Raipur and again Bazi Rao Kudat from South Raipur were elected.

Boycott of Educational Institutions

  • Raipur: Due to a speech by Pandit Sundarlal Sharma at the local normal school, students left their studies to support the NCM.

Formation of National Panchayats

  • Dhamtari: The first national Panchayat was created on February 5, 1921, spearheaded by Bazi Rao Kudat.
  • Raipur: Another national Panchayat was formed on March 4, 1921, led by Jasakaran Daga.

Establishment of National Schools

  • Several national schools were established across Chhattisgarh. Dates and specific locations were noted for Raipur, Dhamtari, Rajnandgaon, and Bilaspur. Key individuals such as Madhav Rao Sapre, Mahant Laxmi Narayan Das, and M.D. Danni were associated with efforts in Raipur. Important names like Babulal Chotelal Srivastava established a school in Dhamtari, and Badrinath Saw established a school in Bilaspur.

Establishment of Ashrams in Chhattisgarh

  • Satyagraha Ashram: Established February 7, 1921, in Raipur, led by Pandit Sundarlal Sharma.
  • Khadi Ashram: Established in 1921, in Raipur, supported by Thakur Pyarelal and Vaman Rao Lakhe.

Other Activities During the NCM

  • Untouchability: Pandit Sundarlal Sharma led efforts and organized mass gatherings (especially among Satnamis) for social equality. Pandit Chaviram Chaubey fasted for 21 days against untouchability.
  • Alcohol Prohibition: Meetings and strikes occurred in Raipur (Gandhi Chowk) and Bilaspur (Hira Lal Kallar).
  • Cow Slaughter Prohibition: Mahant Naina Das led this effort.
  • Promotion of Swadeshi Products:
    • Raipur Municipality promoted Khadi clothing.
    • A Khadi week was celebrated in Raipur (Ravana Bhata).
    • Key figures like Anjuman Begum played a role.
    • Similar initiatives occurred in Dhamtari and Bilaspur, with prominent individuals like Babulal Chotelal Srivastava in Dhamtari and efforts by Deewan Tiwari in Bilaspur for Khadi promotion.

Arrest of Makhanlal Chaturvedi

  • Bilaspur, 1921: Chaturvedi, the editor of Karamveer, gave a speech and was arrested in Bilaspur for opposing British rule.
  • Imprisonment: He was held for eight months in Bilaspur and later in Jabalpur.
  • Literary Work: While imprisoned, he wrote the poem Pushpa Ki Abhilasha.

National Leaders in Chhattisgarh During the NCM

  • Rajendra Prasad, C. Rajagopalachari, and Subhadra Kumari Chauhan visited Chhattisgarh during the NCM.

End of the NCM

  • Chauri Chaura Incident (1922): A violent incident in Uttar Pradesh led Gandhi to suspend the NCM due to the escalation of violence.
  • Arrests: Following the end of the movement, many leaders from Chhattisgarh were arrested, including Pandit Sundarlal Sharma.

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