Islam Iman Ihsan

• Study notes on Islam, Iman, and Ihsan presented by Faridi Sofyan on January 11, 2025 at TPA Dhahran.

Definition of Islam

• Narrated by Umar Radhiallahuanhu, a man with white clothes and black hair approached the Messenger of Allah.
• The man sat in front of the Prophet, knees to knees, and asked about Islam.
• Islam involves saying the "shahadat lâ ilâha illâllâh and muhammadur rasûlîllâh", upholding prayers, paying zakat, fasting in Ramadaan, and pilgrimage to Baitullah if able.
• The man confirmed the Prophet's answer.

The Five Pillars of Islam

• Shahada (Declaration of Faith): Belief that there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His messenger.
• Salah: Praying five times a day.
• Zakat: Making annual charitable donation to help the poor.
• Sawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadhan.
• Hajj: Attending the pilgrimage to Mecca once in one's lifetime.

Definition of Iman

• Narrated by Umar Radhiallahuanhu, the man asked about faith.
• Faith means believing in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and in good and bad decree (destiny).
• The man agreed with the definition.

The Six Pillars of Iman

• Belief in Allah: Includes belief in Allah's existence, that Allah alone is the Lord without partners, belief in His servitude, and in His names and attributes.
• Belief in His Angels: Angels are created from light, are noble slaves who worship Allah and in their great number known only to Allah.
• Belief in His Holy Books: Belief that Allah revealed books to His prophets as guidance, including the Suhuf of Ibrahim, the Tawrah (Torah) to Musa, the Zabur (Psalms) to Dawud, the Injil (Gospel) to Isa, and the Quran to Muhammad.
• Belief in His Messengers: Allah sent a messenger to every nation to worship Allah alone.
• Belief in the Day of Judgment: The day Allah will resurrect creation for accountability and recompense, where the inhabitants of Paradise and Hellfire will reside forever.
• Belief in Divine Decree Al-Qadar: Allah's knowledge of everything in its measure, written in the Preserved Tablet (al-Lawh al-Mahfuz), is Allah's secret, and everything occurs from Allah's predestination.

Definition of Ihsan

• Narrated by Umar Radhiallahuanhu, when asked about ihsan.
• Ihsan involves worshiping Allah as if you see Him, knowing that if you cannot see Him, He sees you.

The Day of Judgement

• Narrated by Umar Radhiallahuanhu, when asked about the Day of Judgment.
• The one asked knows better than the one who asks.
• Signs include slave women giving birth to their masters, and the barefoot, unclothed, poor, goatherds boasting of building tall buildings.
• The man was Jibril (Angel Gabriel) who came to teach the believers religion.