19 Questions
What is the developmental relationship between NK cells and ILCs?
NK cells are developmentally related to group 1 ILCs
What is the percentage of NK cells among the cells with lymphocyte morphology in the blood and peripheral lymphoid organs?
Approximately 10%
What are the antigen receptors expressed by NK cells?
Neither immunoglobulins nor T cell receptors
What is the cytokine secreted by NK cells upon recognition of infected and stressed cells?
IFN-γ
What is the mechanism used by NK cells to induce apoptosis in infected cells?
Activation of granzymes and perforin
What is the role of NK cells in defense against viruses?
To compensate for the defective CTL response by eliminating virus-infected cells in the absence of MHC molecules
What is the mechanism used by viruses to evade killing by virus-specific CD8+ CTLs?
Blocking expression of class I molecules in infected cells
What is the function of inhibitory receptors of NK cells?
To encounter self MHC molecules on normal host cells and shut off NK cells
What is the relationship between NK cells and CTLs in defense against infections?
NK cells compensate for the defective CTL response in the absence of MHC molecules
What is the potential application of NK cells in tumor eradication?
To compensate for the defective CTL response in the absence of MHC molecules
What is the role of NK cells in eradicating infections caused by obligate intracellular microbes such as viruses?
NK cells activate macrophages to become more effective at phagocytosing microbes
What is the cytokine secreted by activated NK cells that activates macrophages to become more effective at killing phagocytosed microbes?
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)
What are the three cytokines secreted by macrophages and dendritic cells that enhance the ability of NK cells to protect against infections?
Interleukin-15 (IL-15), type I IFNs, and interleukin-12 (IL-12)
What is the activating receptor of NK cells that recognizes molecules resembling class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and is expressed in response to many types of cellular stress?
NKG2D
What is the role of CD16 in NK cells?
It promotes cytotoxic granule exocytosis
What do ITAMs do when they become phosphorylated on tyrosine residues?
They promote the activation of cytosolic protein tyrosine kinases
What is the function of NK cell inhibitory receptors?
To recognize self class I MHC molecules
What are the two major families of NK cell inhibitory receptors in humans?
CD94 and NKG2
What is the phenomenon called when NK cells recognize antibody-coated cells?
ADCC
Test your knowledge on the role of activating receptors on NK cells in antibody-mediated immunity. Learn about CD16 and its specificity for IgG antibodies bound to cells, and how it triggers ADCC, leading to the killing of antibody-coated cells. This quiz will help you understand the importance of NK cells as the principal mediators of ADCC and their contribution to antibody-mediated immunity.
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