NK Cells and Antibody-Mediated Immunity
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Questions and Answers

What is the developmental relationship between NK cells and ILCs?

  • NK cells are developmentally related to T cells
  • NK cells are developmentally related to group 1 ILCs (correct)
  • NK cells are developmentally related to group 2 ILCs
  • NK cells are not related to ILCs

    • What is the percentage of NK cells among the cells with lymphocyte morphology in the blood and peripheral lymphoid organs?

  • Less than 5%
  • Approximately 10% (correct)
  • More than 20%
  • Around 15%

    • What are the antigen receptors expressed by NK cells?

  • T cell receptors
  • Both immunoglobulins and T cell receptors
  • Neither immunoglobulins nor T cell receptors (correct)
  • Immunoglobulins

    • What is the cytokine secreted by NK cells upon recognition of infected and stressed cells?

    <p>IFN-γ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism used by NK cells to induce apoptosis in infected cells?

    <p>Activation of granzymes and perforin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of NK cells in defense against viruses?

    <p>To compensate for the defective CTL response by eliminating virus-infected cells in the absence of MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism used by viruses to evade killing by virus-specific CD8+ CTLs?

    <p>Blocking expression of class I molecules in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of inhibitory receptors of NK cells?

    <p>To encounter self MHC molecules on normal host cells and shut off NK cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between NK cells and CTLs in defense against infections?

    <p>NK cells compensate for the defective CTL response in the absence of MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential application of NK cells in tumor eradication?

    <p>To compensate for the defective CTL response in the absence of MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of NK cells in eradicating infections caused by obligate intracellular microbes such as viruses?

    <p>NK cells activate macrophages to become more effective at phagocytosing microbes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cytokine secreted by activated NK cells that activates macrophages to become more effective at killing phagocytosed microbes?

    <p>Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three cytokines secreted by macrophages and dendritic cells that enhance the ability of NK cells to protect against infections?

    <p>Interleukin-15 (IL-15), type I IFNs, and interleukin-12 (IL-12)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the activating receptor of NK cells that recognizes molecules resembling class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and is expressed in response to many types of cellular stress?

    <p>NKG2D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CD16 in NK cells?

    <p>It promotes cytotoxic granule exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do ITAMs do when they become phosphorylated on tyrosine residues?

    <p>They promote the activation of cytosolic protein tyrosine kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of NK cell inhibitory receptors?

    <p>To recognize self class I MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two major families of NK cell inhibitory receptors in humans?

    <p>CD94 and NKG2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenomenon called when NK cells recognize antibody-coated cells?

    <p>ADCC</p> Signup and view all the answers

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