NHA Phlebotomy Certification Exam Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What temperature should a semen sample be transported?

36-38 degrees C

Which of the following would result in a grossly hemolyzed specimen?

  • Failure to invert tube
  • Incorrect needle gauge (correct)
  • Applying tourniquet too close to the draw site
  • Incorrect order of draw

    • Which of the following is proper procedure after collecting an ammonia specimen?

  • Keep specimen warm
  • Protect from light
  • Keep specimen at body temp
  • Place specimen in icewater slurry (or a cup of ice) (correct)

    • The phlebotomist has a request to collect a CBC from a healthy 10-month-old. Which is appropriate?

    <p>Either heel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A phlebotomist is preparing to draw blood from a patient in the hospital. The patient extends his arm and turns head away. What type of consent does this indicate?

    <p>Implied consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a phlebotomist document the volume of blood drawn from a patient?

    <p>Iatrogenic anemia could be a result of too much taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What steps would a phlebotomist take when drawing blood on a patient with severe Down's syndrome?

    <p>Speak with the patient guardian before performing venipuncture to ensure the patient understands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is appropriate when labeling specimens?

    <p>Label specimens at the time of collection in front of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist do if there's no wristband on a patient before collecting blood?

    <p>Don't draw until nurse puts an armband on patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an appropriate form of identification in an inpatient setting?

    <p>Verbal and wristband</p> Signup and view all the answers

    WBC, RBC, Electrolytes are ordered. Which tubes are used for capillary collection?

    <p>Lavender and red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was a blood specimen rejected by the lab with QNS as the reason?

    <p>The specimen was insufficient - not enough blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the best method to prevent bleeding from venipuncture site after the needle is removed?

    <p>Apply pressure to prevent leakage of blood into the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate procedure for an improperly labeled specimen when received in the lab?

    <p>Lab rejects the mislabeled specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist do if the patient begins to seize during a venipuncture?

    <p>Discontinue the draw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specimen should be drawn first when receiving orders for an infant screening card, O2 levels, bilirubin, and DNA?

    <p>O2 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct technique for needle insertion during venipuncture on an average weight patient?

    <p>Insert until a change in resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the best method to collect a blood specimen from an older adult patient with fragile veins?

    <p>Choose a syringe and butterfly assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the donation of a patient's own blood for an upcoming surgery?

    <p>Autologous donation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the order of draw for capillary collections different from venipuncture?

    <p>Increased risk of coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist do upon entering a patient's room for routine blood draw if a clergy member is with the patient?

    <p>Return later after drawing other patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist do if they notice a hematoma developing at the venipuncture site?

    <p>Release the tourniquet and stop the draw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist tell a patient submitting a semen specimen?

    <p>As soon as you collect the specimen, keep it next to your body and bring it in right away.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by small red spots below the tourniquet?

    <p>Petechiae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the phlebotomist examine the antecubital veins of both arms?

    <p>The median cubital might be more accessible on one side than the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate cleanser to clean the meatus for a clean catch urine specimen?

    <p>Benzalkonium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the code on glucose cuvettes or strips be compared to the code on the glucose meter?

    <p>When the patient is tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tube is appropriate to use when collecting for a chemistry test that requires serum?

    <p>SST (the red gel tube)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient states they are a difficult draw and requests a skin puncture for a PTT test?

    <p>Use a syringe and transfer to a light blue tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to industry standard, what is the needle insertion angle for the antecubital area?

    <p>15-30 degree angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additive should be used for CBC?

    <p>EDTA (purple tube)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specimen must be placed on ice within 30 minutes after collection?

    <p>Arterial Blood Gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the best protection when drawing blood from a patient with active TB?

    <p>N-95 respirator mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient becomes unresponsive during a blood draw, what should the phlebotomist do?

    <p>Check for breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should a phlebotomist avoid drawing blood from a leg or foot of a diabetic patient?

    <p>These areas are more susceptible to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of placing a specimen in a biohazard specimen bag outside the laboratory?

    <p>The biohazard bag prevents a possible exposure incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a student phlebotomist say during a proper introduction?

    <p>Hi, my name is Sally Smith. I am a student phlebotomist and I'm here to collect a blood specimen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using the evacuated tube system (EVS), how should the needle be positioned?

    <p>Position the needle in the same direction as the vein at a 30-degree angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the additive for PT/PTT?

    <p>Sodium Citrate (Blue top)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What bottles should be used for blood cultures ordered on an ICU patient?

    <p>Aerobic and anaerobic bottles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required from a potential blood donor?

    <p>Complete medical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a phlebotomist do if they notice an empty breakfast plate at the bedside of a patient scheduled for a glucose tolerance test?

    <p>Ask the patient when he or she ate last</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein should be attempted first for venipuncture?

    <p>Median cubital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the first action if a phlebotomist is stuck with a used needle?

    <p>Flush the area with running water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be placed on collection tubes for correct specimen handling?

    <p>Date, time, and initials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately after removing the needle from the arm?

    <p>Engage the safety device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause hemolysis?

    <p>Vigorously shaking the tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must a phlebotomist centrifuge a serum separator tube before shipment?

    <p>Cells must be separated from the serum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to store a CBC collected at 1800 in a lab that closes at 1730?

    <p>2-10 degrees C (EDTA tubes may be processed at 12 hours if refrigerated)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test results can be affected if iodine is used to clean the site?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to CLSI, what is collected first?

    <p>Blood cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for informed consent when dealing with a child?

    <p>Explain the procedure to the parent or legal guardian and obtain their informed consent for the child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a criminal lawsuit from a civil lawsuit?

    <p>A criminal lawsuit is initiated by the government, a civil lawsuit is between private parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Assault in a medical context?

    <p>The threat of touching another person without his or her consent and with the intention of causing fear of harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Battery in medical terms?

    <p>Actual harmful touching of another person without his or her consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Libel?

    <p>False defamatory writing that is published</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Sentinel Event?

    <p>An unanticipated death or permanent loss of function not related to a patient's illness or underlying condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PPE stand for?

    <p>Personal Protective Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How full should you fill the Sharps Container before using a new container?

    <p>¾ full</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the multi-purpose fire extinguisher?

    <p>ABC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'aseptic techniques' refer to?

    <p>Techniques that provide a degree of cleanliness that prevents infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nosocomial infection?

    <p>Both C and D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is hand hygiene performed?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before entering an isolation room, what is the first thing the phlebotomist should do?

    <p>Read the posted instructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym PASS stand for?

    <p>Pull pin, Aim nozzle, Squeeze handle, Sweep from side to side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym RACE stand for?

    <p>Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Exit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before placing a call on hold, what should a phlebotomist check?

    <p>To see if it is an emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A competent professional demeanor is shown by:

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Traditional duties of the phlebotomist include all of the following except:

    <p>Performance of tests on patient samples in the laboratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The two major areas of the clinical laboratory are:

    <p>Anatomical and Clinical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between plasma and serum?

    <p>Plasma contains fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Specimens collected in serum separator tubes are most frequently delivered to:

    <p>Chemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To prevent blood from clotting, a specimen must be:

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairings is wrong?

    <p>Fasting and cloudy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Phlebotomy Certification Exam Key Points

    • Semen samples should be transported at a temperature of 36-38 degrees Celsius.
    • Grossly hemolyzed specimens often arise from using an incorrect needle gauge.
    • Ammonia specimens must be placed in an ice water slurry immediately after collection.
    • For a healthy infant, a heel stick is the appropriate technique for a complete blood count (CBC).
    • Implied consent occurs when a patient extends their arm or turns their head away during the drawing process.
    • Documenting the volume of blood drawn helps prevent iatrogenic anemia.
    • It’s essential to communicate with the guardian of patients with severe cognitive challenges before performing a venipuncture.
    • In emergencies, blood can be drawn under implied consent if the patient is unconscious.
    • Specimens should be labeled immediately in the presence of the patient for accurate identification.
    • If a patient lacks a wristband, the phlebotomist should refrain from drawing blood until the band is provided.
    • Appropriate identification methods include verbal confirmation and wristbands in inpatient settings.
    • Lavender and red tubes are typically used for capillary collections of WBC, RBC, and electrolytes.
    • A laboratory may reject specimens noted as QNS (Quantity Not Sufficient) due to insufficient blood volume.
    • Applying pressure after needle removal is crucial to prevent internal bleeding from the venipuncture site.
    • Improperly labeled specimens will generally be rejected by the laboratory.
    • Discontinue a blood draw immediately if the patient begins to have a seizure.
    • O2 levels must be drawn first before other tests in infant screening procedures.
    • For average-weight patients, needles should be inserted at a 15-30 degree angle until a change in resistance is felt.
    • Fragile veins in older adults are best accessed using a syringe and butterfly assembly.
    • Autologous donation is the practice where patients donate their own blood for future surgical use.
    • The order of draw for capillary collections differs from venipuncture due to a heightened risk of coagulation.
    • If clergy members are present with a patient during a blood draw, reschedule for later to respect privacy.
    • If a hematoma is noticed during a draw, release the tourniquet and cease the draw.
    • Semen specimens must be kept at body temperature and delivered to the laboratory within 2 hours.
    • Petechiae indicate capillary damage due to the tourniquet.
    • Inspecting both arms is crucial as the median cubital vein may be more accessible on one side.
    • Benzalkonium chloride is the correct cleanser for preparing a clean catch urine sample.
    • Glucose cuvettes or strips should be coded during the patient testing session.
    • Serum collection for chemistry tests should utilize an SST (Serum Separator Tube).
    • When performing a PTT test, a syringe transfer to a light blue tube is advised if the patient struggles with draws.
    • Blood cultures are essential for ICU patients and typically utilize aerobic and anaerobic bottles.
    • Uphold safety protocols by keeping the sharps container filled to a maximum of ¾ capacity.
    • Aseptic techniques are critical to avoiding contamination from microorganisms during phlebotomy.
    • Nosocomial infections are those acquired by patients within a hospital setting.
    • Hand hygiene is essential before and after glove use to maintain infection control standards.
    • Before entering an isoalted room, it’s vital to read posted instructions first.
    • Fire safety procedures in the workplace are summarized in the acronym RACE: Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Exit.
    • A competent demeanor in phlebotomy includes neatness, courtesy, and cleanliness.
    • Plasma contains fibrinogen, while serum does not, as it results from a clotted specimen.
    • Serum separator tubes are predominantly processed in chemistry departments post-collection.
    • The Patient's Bill of Rights was initiated in 1973 by the American Hospital Association.
    • Informed consent necessitates detailed explanation and permission from the patient or their guardian.
    • Assault refers to the threat of unwanted physical contact, while battery concerns actual physical harm.
    • The Joint Commission is not a non-profit organization; it operates on a not-for-profit basis.

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    Test your knowledge and prepare for the NHA Phlebotomy certification exam with these informative flashcards. Each flashcard covers important topics, procedures, and requirements crucial for a successful examination. Brush up on key details to ensure you are ready for your certification test.

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