Neurotransmitter Receptors and Sodium Channels
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary effect of an excitatory neurotransmitter on an ionotropic receptor?

  • Depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane (correct)
  • Blockage of the release of transmitter
  • Hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane
  • Increase in anion permeability

    • Which of the following drugs blocks the uptake of catecholamine at the adrenergic synapse?

  • Cocaine (correct)
  • Reserpine
  • Amphetamine
  • Tetanus toxin

    • What is the effect of opioids on the postsynaptic region?

  • They cause the release of peptide substance P from sensory neurons
  • They induce the release of catecholamine from adrenergic synapse
  • They block the receptor for the inhibitory transmitter glycine
  • They mimic the action of enkephalin or block its function (correct)

    • What type of ion channels are directly opened by the binding of a neurotransmitter ligand?

    <p>Ligand-gated channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following receptors is blocked by ketamine?

    <p>NMDA subtype of glutamine ionotropic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor is involved in a membrane-delimited pathway, interacting directly with voltage-gated channels?

    <p>Metabotropic receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of action of reserpine?

    <p>Presynaptic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the axons of local circuit neurons?

    <p>They are fine and branch repeatedly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of capsaicin on sensory neurons?

    <p>It causes the release of peptide substance P</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of metabotropic receptor activation on neurotransmitter release?

    <p>Decrease in neurotransmitter release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of beta-adrenoreceptor activation?

    <p>Activation of adenylyl cyclase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system is composed of large myelinated fibers that can conduct action potentials at a rate of more than 50 m/s?

    <p>Sensory perception and motor control system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons forms interconnecting pathways that transmit signals over long distances?

    <p>Relay or projection neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ion channels are highly concentrated in the initial segment of the axon?

    <p>Sodium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptor has a longer activation time course?

    <p>Metabotropic receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the diffuse system?

    <p>It is a non-specific system with single cells frequently sending processes to many different areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between relay or projection neurons and local circuit neurons?

    <p>The distance over which they transmit signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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