Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which neurotransmitter opens chloride ion channels?
Which neurotransmitter opens chloride ion channels?
What type of receptors are G protein-coupled with seven membrane-spanning domains?
What type of receptors are G protein-coupled with seven membrane-spanning domains?
What triggers metabolic processes, genetic transcription, and new protein creation in neurons?
What triggers metabolic processes, genetic transcription, and new protein creation in neurons?
Which type of G protein can be inhibitory?
Which type of G protein can be inhibitory?
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What is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?
What is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain?
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What do psychoactive drugs change in neuron communication?
What do psychoactive drugs change in neuron communication?
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What can increase or decrease in strength based on experience?
What can increase or decrease in strength based on experience?
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What is temporal summation in neuron communication?
What is temporal summation in neuron communication?
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What is spatial summation in neuron communication?
What is spatial summation in neuron communication?
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What is the main effect of IPSPs in neuron communication?
What is the main effect of IPSPs in neuron communication?
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What is the main effect of EPSPs in neuron communication?
What is the main effect of EPSPs in neuron communication?
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What is the main way neurons communicate through?
What is the main way neurons communicate through?
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What triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse?
What triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse?
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What is responsible for the process of exocytosis in neurotransmitter release?
What is responsible for the process of exocytosis in neurotransmitter release?
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What is the main function of gap junctions in neuron communication?
What is the main function of gap junctions in neuron communication?
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Where do synapses occur in neuron communication?
Where do synapses occur in neuron communication?
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What is the resting membrane potential of neurons?
What is the resting membrane potential of neurons?
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What causes multiple sclerosis?
What causes multiple sclerosis?
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What is the function of myelin sheath?
What is the function of myelin sheath?
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What is the role of grey matter in the brain?
What is the role of grey matter in the brain?
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How do neurons communicate with each other at chemical synapses?
How do neurons communicate with each other at chemical synapses?
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What are the two types of receptors involved in neurotransmission?
What are the two types of receptors involved in neurotransmission?
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What triggers an action potential in neurons?
What triggers an action potential in neurons?
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What is the resting membrane potential of neurons?
What is the resting membrane potential of neurons?
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What is the function of myelin sheaths in neural conduction?
What is the function of myelin sheaths in neural conduction?
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What is the duration of the absolute refractory period?
What is the duration of the absolute refractory period?
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What is the main function of gap junctions in neural communication?
What is the main function of gap junctions in neural communication?
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What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential?
What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting membrane potential?
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What is the composition of white matter in the nervous system?
What is the composition of white matter in the nervous system?
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What is the main focus of neurochemistry/neuropharmacology studies?
What is the main focus of neurochemistry/neuropharmacology studies?
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Study Notes
Neurophysiology, Neurochemistry, and Neural Integration
- Resting membrane potential is -70 millivolts and is maintained by the flow of potassium ions through open channels
- Neurons communicate through postsynaptic potentials, which can be either excitatory (EPSP) or inhibitory (IPSP)
- Action potentials begin at the axon hillock when the threshold potential is reached, causing a switch in membrane potential polarity
- Sodium-potassium pumps actively transport ions, requiring ATP, and contribute to the restoration of the resting membrane potential
- The refractory period ensures that action potentials only proceed in one direction and lasts about 1 millisecond (absolute) and 2-4 milliseconds (relative)
- Myelin sheaths, made up of oligodendrocytes, facilitate saltatory conduction by insulating and protecting neurons and allowing for faster propagation of action potentials
- White matter consists of myelinated neurons, while grey matter consists of non-myelinated neurons with many connections
- Neural integration involves the combination of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials to determine whether an action potential will occur
- Neurochemistry/Neuropharmacology studies how neurons communicate and bring changes in charge through chemical signals and receptors
- Neural activity can be visualized through brain scans, PET imaging, and calcium imaging, but changing the activity is necessary for visualization
- Gap junctions and chemical synapses are essential in the synapse for transmitting signals between neurons
- The study of neural activity is challenging due to its location inside the head and the complexity of the processes involved
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Description
Test your knowledge of neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and neural integration with this quiz. Explore topics such as resting membrane potential, action potentials, synaptic communication, myelin sheaths, neural integration, neuropharmacology, and methods for visualizing neural activity.
