Neuroscience Quiz: Brain Structures and Functions

<p>Vital functions such as cardiovascular activity and respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ipsilateral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vasoconstriction of skin to face (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor eye contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substance P (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain is out of proportion to the original injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dorsal horn, ipsilateral side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proprioception (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detecting stimuli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guiding migrating cells to their permanent location (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Embryonic stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nerves of the PNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhombencephalon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 8th week of gestation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fourth month of gestation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anencephaly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meningocele involves herniation of the meninges only, while myelomeningocele involves herniation of both the meninges and spinal cord. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide support and metabolic support to neurons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generating action potentials. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vibratory sense (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dermatomal pattern (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hemi-section lesion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shows soft tissue structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermoreceptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Processes temperature and nociception (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All sensations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PET scan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phasic receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of pain and crude touch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measures water diffusion in axons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carries discriminative touch and proprioceptive information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the conus medullaris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receives sensory input from the dorsal column and ascends contralaterally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recovery restores function in damaged neural systems, while compensation uses unaffected systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Passive observation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between ages 3 to puberty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prepares the body for stressful situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They inhibit pain perception. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Converging nociceptive fibers in the spinal cord. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It directly controls skeletal muscle movements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It necessitates thousands of repetitions for motor recovery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experience-expectant plasticity occurs during development, while experience-dependent continues throughout life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The CNS consists of the brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves 1 & 2.

A network of arteries that supplies blood to the cerebral hemispheres of the brain.

Responsible for motor control, executive functioning, planning, and personality traits.

Involved in coordination, balance, and unconscious proprioception for motor control.

The nerve impulse carried from one neuron to another via electrical signals.

Spina bifida can be prevented with adequate folic acid levels in mothers.

A movement and postural disorder from permanent, nonprogressive brain damage.

A range of abnormal behaviors related to social skills and interactions.

Affects sympathetic innervation leading to miosis, ptosis, and anhidrosis.

Characterized by muscle tenderness, stiffness, and biologically amplified pain signals.

Neurons involved in relaying sensory information to the brain, divided into three orders.

The neuron that transmits sensory information from the periphery to the spinal cord's dorsal horn.

The neuron that crosses the midline from the spinal cord to the thalamus, conveying sensory information further up.

The neuron that transmits sensory information from the thalamus to the parietal lobe of the brain.

Pathway that carries nociception, temperature, and crude touch information to the brain.

A nerve cell that receives and transmits signals, controlling body functions.

The conducting portion of a neuron that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body.

Branch-like structures of a neuron that receive incoming signals from other neurons.

The central part of a neuron containing the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Supporting cells in the nervous system that protect neurons and provide metabolic support.

Embryonic structure that develops into muscle tissue.

Embryonic structure that develops into the dermis of the skin.

The process of forming the neural tube during embryonic development.

A condition resulting from improper closure of the neural tube in the lower spine.

Failure of the anterior neural tube to close, resulting in incomplete brain formation.

Refers to the opposite side of the body relative to a lesion.

Can cause paresthesias and sensory losses like proprioception and light touch.

Loss of myelin sheath affecting proprioception and vibratory sense.

Impaired sensation in a dermatomal pattern with motor loss in a myotomal pattern.

All sensation lost 1-2 levels below the level of the lesion.

Hemi-section leads to contralateral pain/temperature loss and ipsilateral touch/proprioception loss.

Loss of conscious proprioception, vibration, and 2-point discrimination below the lesion.

Loss of pain, temperature, and crude touch below the lesion level.

Results in contralateral decrease or loss of sensation.

Measures changes in oxygen consumption to assess brain function.

Sensors that provide internal sense of movement and joint position.

Transmits discriminative touch, proprioception, and vibration sensations.

Records electrical impulses from the brain's cortex through scalp electrodes.

Includes exteroceptors, interoceptors, proprioceptors, responding to various stimuli.

The brain's ability to change its structure and function based on experience.

Recovery is restoration of function, while compensation involves unaffected systems taking over.

Changes in the CNS organization that occur during development, driven by expected experiences.

Changes in cellular structure based on unique experiences after injury.

A sensitive time during which certain experiences shape neural wiring, like vision and language.

Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the 'fight or flight' response.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that conserves energy and promotes rest.

Sensors that detect harmful stimuli, signaling pain and injury.

Natural pain suppressors released in response to stress or pain.