Neuroscience: Corticospinal and Extrapyramidal Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by neurons in the red nucleus?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin
  • Dopamine
  • Glutamate (correct)

What is the major function of the cerebellum?

  • Processing visual information
  • Coordinating movement (correct)
  • Regulating hormone release
  • Regulating heart rate

Which part of the brain contains the vestibular nuclei that receive input about head position and movement?

  • Brainstem (correct)
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cerebrum

What forms a ridge along the midline of the cerebellum?

<p>Vermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tracts of axons that connect the cerebellum with the rest of the brain?

<p>Cerebellar peduncles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From where do the neurons in the cerebellum receive inputs about body position and movement?

<p>Vestibular system, spinal cord, and red nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What neurotransmitter is released by many of the neurons in the basal nuclei?

<p>Dopamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the extrapyramidal system's neuronal pathways located?

<p>Brainstem and midbrain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do some of the corticospinal axons continue along after not crossing midline in the medulla?

<p>Spinal cord in the ventral funiculus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of neurons in the brainstem can regulate motor activity and determine alertness and consciousness?

<p>Reticular formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is important for the initiation of movement and motor learning?

<p>Basal nuclei (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the red nucleus located?

<p>Midbrain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many muscle fibers can each alpha motor neuron innervate?

<p>Up to 1000 muscle fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a motor unit, what does the alpha motor neuron innervate?

<p>All the muscle fibers in the muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are motor units typically smaller?

<p>In the extraocular muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a motor pool?

<p>A group of alpha motor neurons that innervate all of the muscle fibers in a muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the axons from each segment of the spinal cord exit the spinal canal?

<p>As a ventral root (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the femoral nerve composed of?

<p>Axons from the 4, 5, and 6 lumbar segments of the spinal cord (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the connective tissue around a single axon called?

<p>Endoneurium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the axons in a peripheral nerve synapse on skeletal muscle fibers?

<p>At the neuromuscular junction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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