Neuroscience: Corticospinal and Extrapyramidal Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by neurons in the red nucleus?

  • Acetylcholine
  • Serotonin
  • Dopamine
  • Glutamate (correct)
  • What is the major function of the cerebellum?

  • Processing visual information
  • Coordinating movement (correct)
  • Regulating hormone release
  • Regulating heart rate
  • Which part of the brain contains the vestibular nuclei that receive input about head position and movement?

  • Brainstem (correct)
  • Cerebellum
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cerebrum
  • What forms a ridge along the midline of the cerebellum?

    <p>Vermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tracts of axons that connect the cerebellum with the rest of the brain?

    <p>Cerebellar peduncles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From where do the neurons in the cerebellum receive inputs about body position and movement?

    <p>Vestibular system, spinal cord, and red nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is released by many of the neurons in the basal nuclei?

    <p>Dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the extrapyramidal system's neuronal pathways located?

    <p>Brainstem and midbrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do some of the corticospinal axons continue along after not crossing midline in the medulla?

    <p>Spinal cord in the ventral funiculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of neurons in the brainstem can regulate motor activity and determine alertness and consciousness?

    <p>Reticular formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is important for the initiation of movement and motor learning?

    <p>Basal nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the red nucleus located?

    <p>Midbrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many muscle fibers can each alpha motor neuron innervate?

    <p>Up to 1000 muscle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a motor unit, what does the alpha motor neuron innervate?

    <p>All the muscle fibers in the muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are motor units typically smaller?

    <p>In the extraocular muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a motor pool?

    <p>A group of alpha motor neurons that innervate all of the muscle fibers in a muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the axons from each segment of the spinal cord exit the spinal canal?

    <p>As a ventral root</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the femoral nerve composed of?

    <p>Axons from the 4, 5, and 6 lumbar segments of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the connective tissue around a single axon called?

    <p>Endoneurium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the axons in a peripheral nerve synapse on skeletal muscle fibers?

    <p>At the neuromuscular junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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