Nervous System (Short Answer)

The three layers are Epineurium, Perineurium, and Endoneurium.

The spinal cord contains about 100 million neurons.

The CNS processes many kinds of incoming sensory information.

<p>A nerve is a bundle of hundreds to thousands of axons, along with associated connective tissue and blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sensory receptor is a structure that monitors changes in the external or internal environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interneurons facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons, processing signals within the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The myelin sheath insulates axons, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This synapse is called an Axodendritic synapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nodes of Ranvier are unmyelinated gaps along the axon that facilitate saltatory conduction of nerve impulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It conveys input into the CNS from sensory receptors in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Astrocytes provide structural and metabolic support to neurons, and help maintain the blood-brain barrier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An Axosomatic synapse is a direct connection between the axon of one neuron and the cell body of another neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles with voluntary actions, while the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary actions of smooth muscle and glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microglia act as scavengers, removing debris and pathogens in the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enteric plexuses regulate smooth muscle and gland activity in the digestive canal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yes, they can function independently, although they communicate with and are regulated by other branches of the ANS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It conveys sensory information about somatic senses like touch and temperature, as well as special senses such as vision and hearing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oligodendrocytes produce myelin in the central nervous system, while Schwann cells do so in the peripheral nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system usually have opposing actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ependymal cells line the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord, producing and circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensory receptors include those for touch, vision, and smell, each detecting different forms of stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main branches of the ANS are the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The integrative function processes sensory information by analyzing it and making decisions for appropriate responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain is encased by the hard bony skull, and the spinal cord is surrounded by the vertebral column.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The meninges are three membranes that lie between the bony encasement and the nervous tissue, providing additional protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The autonomic nervous system primarily affects smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four lobes of the cerebrum are the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The diencephalon includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The limbic system is primarily involved in regulating emotions and is often referred to as the 'emotional brain.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hypothalamus helps maintain homeostasis by regulating various body activities, including temperature, sleep, and hunger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating movement and maintaining balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The medulla oblongata is vital as it connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls involuntary functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oculomotor nerve controls most eye movements, while the trochlear nerve specifically innervates the superior oblique muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gray matter contains unmyelinated axons and neuron cell bodies, giving it a grayish appearance, while white matter consists of myelinated axons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The habenular nuclei are involved in olfaction and emotional responses to odors.</p> Signup and view all the answers