Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which organelle completely surrounds the nucleus of a neuron and appears as a dark brown network?
Which organelle completely surrounds the nucleus of a neuron and appears as a dark brown network?
What is the main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a neuron?
What is the main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a neuron?
Which part of the neuron is highly metabolically active and contains organelles and inclusions?
Which part of the neuron is highly metabolically active and contains organelles and inclusions?
What structures supply the high energy requirements of a neuron, especially near the axon terminals?
What structures supply the high energy requirements of a neuron, especially near the axon terminals?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens to Nissl's granules (rough endoplasmic reticulum) in a neuron upon injury?
What happens to Nissl's granules (rough endoplasmic reticulum) in a neuron upon injury?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the neuron has a large, central, and rounded structure, with a thick nuclear membrane and a prominent nucleolus?
Which part of the neuron has a large, central, and rounded structure, with a thick nuclear membrane and a prominent nucleolus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of neurotubules in neurons?
What is the function of neurotubules in neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Where is melanin pigment primarily present in the nervous system?
Where is melanin pigment primarily present in the nervous system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of lysosomes in neurons?
What is the primary function of lysosomes in neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are lipofuscin pigment levels known to increase?
Where are lipofuscin pigment levels known to increase?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of nerve cells have only one process and no dendrites?
Which type of nerve cells have only one process and no dendrites?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of lipid droplets and glycogen in neurons?
What is the purpose of lipid droplets and glycogen in neurons?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are bipolar nerve cells found?
Where are bipolar nerve cells found?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic feature of pyramidal nerve cells?
What is a characteristic feature of pyramidal nerve cells?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of neuron has short axons, like those found in the retina and cerebral cortex?
Which type of neuron has short axons, like those found in the retina and cerebral cortex?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are sensory neurons present?
Where are sensory neurons present?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of neurons connect sensory and motor neurons in the reflex arc of the spinal cord?
Which type of neurons connect sensory and motor neurons in the reflex arc of the spinal cord?
Signup and view all the answers
In which part of the body are stellate neurons typically found?
In which part of the body are stellate neurons typically found?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Neuron Structure
- The organelle that completely surrounds the nucleus of a neuron and appears as a dark brown network is the Nissl's granules or rough endoplasmic reticulum.
- The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a neuron is to synthesize proteins.
- The perikaryon, also known as the cell body, is highly metabolically active and contains organelles and inclusions.
- Mitochondria supply the high energy requirements of a neuron, especially near the axon terminals.
Nissl's Granules and Injury
- Upon injury, Nissl's granules (rough endoplasmic reticulum) in a neuron undergo chromatolysis, which is the dissolution of Nissl's granules.
Neuron Characteristics
- The nucleus of a neuron has a large, central, and rounded structure, with a thick nuclear membrane and a prominent nucleolus.
- Neurotubules provide structural support, shape, and transport of materials within neurons.
- Melanin pigment is primarily present in the nervous system, specifically in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus.
Lysosomes and Pigments
- The primary function of lysosomes in neurons is to break down and recycle cellular waste and debris.
- Lipofuscin pigment levels are known to increase with age, especially in the heart and nerve cells.
Types of Neurons
- Unipolar neurons have only one process and no dendrites.
- Lipid droplets and glycogen in neurons serve as energy storage.
- Bipolar nerve cells are found in the retina and inner ear.
- Pyramidal nerve cells have a characteristic pyramidal shape with a triangular cell body.
- Stellate neurons are star-shaped and typically found in the cerebral cortex.
- Interneurons connect sensory and motor neurons in the reflex arc of the spinal cord.
- Sensory neurons are present in the sensory organs, such as the eyes, ears, and skin.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Learn about the structural and functional characteristics of neurons, the basic unit of the nervous system. Explore the components of a nerve cell body and the functions of dendrites and axons.
