Neuron Function and Types Quiz

Study Notes

Axon Function

Axons transmit impulses away from the cell body (cyton)
When an impulse reaches the axon terminals, neurotransmitters are released
Neurotransmitters communicate with other neurons
A brain decision can involve many neurons; the proper neurotransmitter's arrival triggers a specific response in a neuron

Neuron Types

Anatomical Classification: Based on the number of extensions from the cell body (cyton)
Mono- 1 extension
Di- 2 extension
Poly- Multiple extensions
Functional Classification: Based on their function
Sensory: Transmit impulses from sensory organs via long dendrites
Motor: Transmit signals to muscles or glands. Often use many long axons (multi or poly) and connections (intermunicipal).
Association/Interneurons: Interpret and make decisions (often multi/poly, no sending projections).

Impulses

An impulse is a wave of energy that travels through a neuron when it's stimulated.
The neuron's membrane is positively charged outside and negatively inside.
During stimulation, sodium ions rush inward, creating a depolarization event.
The depolarization wave continues as a signal along the neuron, this wave constitutes the impulse.
Over 20 different neurotransmitters involved in signal transmission (e.g. Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Acetylcholine, Dopamine, Serotonin)

Description

Test your understanding of axon functions and the various types of neurons. This quiz covers the anatomical and functional classifications, impulse transmission, and how neurotransmitters engage in communication between neurons. Perfect for biology students studying the nervous system.