17 Questions
What is the term used for a decrease in the amount of negative charge within the cell?
Depolarization
Which law states that the amplitude and velocity of an action potential are independent of the intensity of the stimulus that initiated it?
The All-or-None Law
What happens at the peak of an action potential?
The sodium channels close
Which ions are mostly outside the neuron at the start, according to the text?
Sodium ions
What is responsible for allowing a particular type of ion to cross the membrane in a neuron?
Voltage-gated channels
Which term refers to an exaggeration of the usual negative charge within a cell to a more negative level than usual?
Hyperpolarization
What is the term used to describe the difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a cell when it is at rest?
Polarization
What is the main reason for the slightly negative electrical potential inside the membrane of a cell?
Negatively charged proteins inside the cell
What protein complex is responsible for transporting three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing two potassium ions into it?
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Which term describes a disturbance in the resting potential that leads to the development of messages in a neuron?
Graded Potential
What characteristic of the cell membrane prevents it from depolarizing by allowing some chemicals to pass through more freely than others?
Selective Permeability
What is responsible for preventing sodium ions from leaking back into the neuron after being pumped out?
Selective permeability of the membrane
Which process requires a significant amount of energy from the body?
Maintaining the resting potential
What is responsible for preparing the neuron to respond rapidly?
Resting potential
Which force tends to pull sodium into the cell based on opposite electrical charges attraction?
Electrical gradient
What term describes the change in charge to a more negative level inside an axon during hyperpolarization?
Hyperpolarization
What produces a small response that quickly decays if it does not reach the threshold for a full response?
Subthreshold stimulation
Learn about the role of selective permeability, sodium-potassium pump, and resting potential in neuron function. Understand how action potentials are generated and transmitted along axons.
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