WK 2: Neuromuscular Junction & Skeletal Muscle
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a synapse?

  • To transmit electrical or chemical signals to another cell, muscle, or gland (correct)
  • To receive electrochemical signals from surrounding cells
  • To insulate the axon from surrounding tissues
  • To regulate the growth of adjacent neurons

    • What is the term for the process by which neurons communicate through electrochemical signals?

  • Neurotransmission
  • Synaptic transmission (correct)
  • Electrochemical signaling
  • Axonal transmission

    • What is the 'quantal nature' of synaptic transmission referring to?

  • The graded transmission of signals between neurons
  • The all-or-nothing principle of signal transmission (correct)
  • The continuous transmission of signals between neurons
  • The asynchronous transmission of signals between neurons

    • What is the 'sliding filaments' hypothesis in relation to muscle contraction?

    <p>A theory that explains how muscles contract through the sliding of actin and myosin filaments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'size principle' in relation to the control of skeletal muscles?

    <p>The principle that smaller motor units are recruited first during muscle contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the organization of the somatomotor system in relation to skeletal muscles?

    <p>A system that controls the contraction of skeletal muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the tropomyosin bridge when the muscle contracts?

    <p>It is displaced (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are calcium ions stored in the muscle fiber?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of the somatomotor system?

    <p>Motor unit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the size of the motor unit?

    <p>The size of the motor neuron pool (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of transmission of information across a synapse?

    <p>Chemical signaling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Ca2+ in muscle contraction?

    <p>Excitation-contraction coupling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the T-tubules in muscle contraction?

    <p>To transmit the electrical impulse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of small motor units in skeletal muscle?

    <p>They produce weak forces but are resistant to fatigue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the binding of myosin to actin?

    <p>The muscle contracts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size principle in skeletal muscle recruitment?

    <p>Smaller motor units are recruited first, with larger motor units being recruited progressively (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high frequencies of stimulation on muscle force generation?

    <p>It leads to an increase in force generation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the neurotransmitter involved in the neuromuscular junction?

    <p>Acetylcholine (ACh) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which ACh is released in synaptic transmission?

    <p>Release of ACh in packets of vesicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the small voltages produced by the release of ACh in synaptic transmission?

    <p>Miniature End Plate Potentials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the release of ACh vesicles in synaptic transmission?

    <p>Always occurs in a probabilistic fashion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the component of skeletal muscle that contains multiple myofibrils?

    <p>Muscle fiber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the group of scientists who hypothesized the quantal nature of synaptic transmission?

    <p>The Sydney gang (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the multiplication of the amplitude of the evoked response and the spontaneous synaptic potential amplitude?

    <p>Multiplication factor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the intensity of a muscle contraction?

    <p>The firing rate of motor units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle that describes the order of recruitment of motor units?

    <p>The size principle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the force produced by a muscle during continuous stimulation?

    <p>It decreases due to fatigue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of summation of twitch forces in a muscle?

    <p>A tetanic contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between firing rate and force production in a muscle?

    <p>Force production is linearly proportional to firing rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the force-frequency curves following fatigue?

    <p>They shift to the right (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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