16 Questions
Which receptor is responsible for the effect of acetylcholine vesicles coming closer to the synapse for the next stimulus?
Nerve-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
In which situations do the number of extrajunctional nicotinic receptors increase rapidly?
During immobilization
How can blocking the neuromuscular junction be achieved?
Depolarized and non-depolarized methods
Which stage can create muscle paralysis by affecting the motor nerve terminal and motor end plate?
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
What is the prototype of depolarizing neuromuscular blockers?
Succinylcholine
Which drug prevents acetylcholine from binding to the receptor?
D-tubocurarine
What is the synthetic analogue of curare?
Tubocurarine
What is the effect duration of rocuronium, a nondepolarizing blocker?
60-120 seconds
What is the condition called when succinylcholine continues to occupy the receptor after the first attachment?
Depolarization block
Which muscle is affected last by nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers?
Diaphragm
What is the effect duration of mivacurium, a nondepolarizing blocker?
15-25 minutes
What is the duration of action of succinylcholine?
5-10 minutes
What is the term for the last period of Phase II of depolarizing neuromuscular blockers?
Desensitization
What must occur for the excitation-contraction coupling of the muscle to work?
Repolarization
What may increase the effectiveness of depolarizing neuromuscular blockers?
Cholinesterase inhibitor
What is the route of administration for neuromuscular drugs due to their high polarity?
Parenterally
Study Notes
Neuromuscular Junction
- Rapsyn receptor is responsible for bringing acetylcholine vesicles closer to the synapse for the next stimulus.
Nicotinic Receptors
- The number of extrajunctional nicotinic receptors increases rapidly in situations such as denervation, muscular dystrophy, and myasthenia gravis.
Blocking Neuromuscular Junction
- Blocking the neuromuscular junction can be achieved by using neuromuscular blockers.
Stages of Muscle Paralysis
- The stage that can create muscle paralysis by affecting the motor nerve terminal and motor end plate is the neuromuscular junction.
Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
- Succinylcholine is the prototype of depolarizing neuromuscular blockers.
- The effect of succinylcholine is that it continues to occupy the receptor after the first attachment, a condition called phase II.
- The duration of action of succinylcholine is 3-5 minutes.
Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers
- D-tubocurarine is a synthetic analogue of curare.
- Rocuronium is a nondepolarizing blocker with an effect duration of 30-60 minutes.
- Mivacurium is a nondepolarizing blocker with an effect duration of 15-20 minutes.
- The diaphragm is affected last by nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers.
Excitation-Contraction Coupling
- For the excitation-contraction coupling of the muscle to work, acetylcholine must bind to its receptor.
- Drugs that prevent acetylcholine from binding to its receptor, such as d-tubocurarine, can increase the effectiveness of depolarizing neuromuscular blockers.
Administration of Neuromuscular Drugs
- Neuromuscular drugs are administered intravenously due to their high polarity.
Test your knowledge of neuromuscular blockers with this quiz! Explore the use of muscle relaxants in surgeries and intensive care units to reduce muscle spasm and pain. Brush up on your understanding of how neuromuscular blockers work to prevent the passage of stimuli at the neuromuscular junction.
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