Neurology 101

Questions and Answers

Which part of the neuron helps to speed the rate of transmission of information of impulses?

Myelin sheath

Which lobe is responsible for conceptualizing and planning?

Frontal lobe

What happens when the cheeks of an infant are touched?

The infant turns their head towards the touch.

Which lobe is responsible for processing sensations such as pain and touch?

Parietal lobe Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of the grasp reflex?

The infant's fingers automatically grip anything that touches the palm of the hand. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the first breast milk produced during pregnancy and just after birth?

Colostrum Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the brain's ability to reorganize and adapt in response to environmental changes?

Neuroplasticity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of SIDS?

Always occurs in premature infants Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is NOT true about newborns?

Newborns can see clearly from birth. Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of breastfeeding for mothers?

It helps the uterus return to its normal size. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the automatic response of an infant spreading out their arms and legs and then quickly contracting the limbs inward?

Moro reflex Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling breathing?

Brainstem Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the Babinski reflex?

The infant's toes fan out and curl when the sole of the foot is stroked from heel to toe. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of eliminating inactive neuronal connections?

Pruning Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Neurological Development

The part of a neuron that speeds the rate of transmission of information and impulses is the myelin sheath.

Brain Function

The frontal lobe is responsible for planning and conceptualization.
The parietal lobe is responsible for perceiving and processing sensory information from the body.
The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information.

Neuroplasticity

The brain has the ability to reorganize and extend itself to adapt to environmental changes and compensate for injuries, a concept known as neuroplasticity.

SIDS

SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) is a leading cause of death in infants 1 to 12 months old.
SIDS is identified when the death of a healthy infant occurs suddenly and unexpectedly.
Abnormalities in the brainstem, which is responsible for breathing, may be a possible cause of SIDS.

Reflexes in Infants

Moro reflex: when the voice or loss of support to the head and neck causes infants to spread out their arms and legs and then quickly contract the limbs inward.
Grasp reflex: fingers automatically grip anything that touches the palm of the hand.
Babinski reflex: the toes will fan out and curl when the sole of the foot is stroked from heel to toe.

Breastfeeding

The first breast milk produced during pregnancy and just after birth is called colostrum.
Breastfeeding stimulates contractions in the uterus to help it regain its normal size, and women who breastfeed are more likely to space their pregnancies further apart.