Neurologic System Chapter 23 Flashcards
26 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

The autonomic nervous system coordinates which of the following?

  • Internal organs of the body (correct)
  • High-level cognitive function
  • Balance and equilibrium
  • Balance and affect
  • Emotions and behavior
  • The major function of the sympathetic nervous system is to:

  • Contribute input from visual, labyrinthine, and proprioceptive sources
  • Coordinate fine motor movement
  • Perceive stereognosis
  • Determine proprioception
  • Orchestrate the stress response (correct)
  • The parasympathetic nervous system maintains the day-to-day function of:

  • Coordinating fine motor movements
  • Lymphatic drainage of the brain
  • Response to stress
  • Lymphatic supply to the brain
  • Digestion (correct)
  • The motor cortex of the brain is in the:

    <p>Frontal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thalamus is the major integration center for perception of:

    <p>Pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The awareness of body position is known as:

    <p>Proprioception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient cannot shrug the shoulders against resistance, which cranial nerve (CN) requires further evaluation?

    <p>CN XI, spinal accessory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The major portion of brain growth and myelinization occurs between ____ year(s) of age.

    <p>Birth and 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Motor maturation proceeds in an orderly progression from:

    <p>Head to toe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A neurologic past medical history should include data about:

    <p>Circulatory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You are initially evaluating the equilibrium of Ms. Q. She loses her balance. Ms. Q has a positive:

    <p>Romberg sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The finger-to-nose test allows assessment of:

    <p>Coordination and fine motor function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You are performing a two-point discrimination test as part of a well physical examination. The area with the ability to discern two points in the shortest distance is the:

    <p>Fingertips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As Mr. B enters the room, you observe that his gait is wide-based and he staggers from side to side while swaying his trunk. You would document Mr. B's pattern as:

    <p>Cerebellar ataxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Deep pressure tests are used mostly for patients who are experiencing:

    <p>Absent superficial pain sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You have asked a patient to close his eyes and identify an object placed in his hand. You are evaluating:

    <p>Stereognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following conditions is consistent with Brown-Sequard syndrome?

    <p>Motor paralysis on the lesion side of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using a monofilament to assess sensory function, the examiner:

    <p>Applies pressure to the monofilament until the filament bends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is especially important to test for ankle clonus if:

    <p>Deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing a 17-year-old patient for nuchal rigidity, you gently raise his head off the examination table. He involuntarily flexes his hips and knees. To confirm your suspicions associated with this positive test result, you would also perform a test for the _____ sign.

    <p>Kernig</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cranial nerve XII may be assessed in an infant by:

    <p>Observing the infant suck and swallow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a concern, rather than an expected finding, in older adults?

    <p>Bilateral pillrolling of the fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Emotional lability, personality changes, and contralateral hemiplegia greater in the lower than upper extremities indicates a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurring in the:

    <p>Anterior cerebral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A postinfectious disorder following a nonspecific gastrointestinal or respiratory infection that causes acute neuromuscular paralysis is:

    <p>Guillain-Barre syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The immune system attacks the synaptic junction between the nerve and muscle fibers blocking acetylcholine receptor sites in:

    <p>Myasthenia gravis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A clinical syndrome of intracranial hypertension that mimics brain tumors is:

    <p>Pseudotumor cerebri</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Autonomic Nervous System

    • Coordinates internal organs through sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
    • Not responsible for high-level cognitive functions, emotions, or balance.

    Sympathetic Nervous System

    • Major function is orchestrating the stress response (fight or flight).
    • Key role in emergency preparation; does not coordinate fine motor movement.

    Parasympathetic Nervous System

    • Maintains day-to-day body functions, particularly digestion.
    • Functions to conserve energy and manage routine physiological activities.

    Motor Cortex

    • Located in the frontal lobe, responsible for voluntary skeletal movements.
    • Coordinates fine motor actions and eye movement control.

    Thalamus

    • Major integration center for pain perception and other sensations.
    • Acts as a relay between the basal ganglia and cerebellum.

    Proprioception

    • Refers to the awareness of body position, dependent on the parietal lobe.
    • Essential for the body’s recognition of spatial positioning.

    Cranial Nerve XI

    • Responsible for shoulder shrugging; evaluation required when this function is impaired.
    • Other cranial nerves are associated with different sensory and motor functions.

    Brain Growth

    • Major brain growth and myelination occurs in the first year of life.
    • Critical developmental period for neurological systems.

    Motor Maturation

    • Follows a cephalocaudal progression, starting from the head and moving downward.
    • Essential for understanding developmental milestones in infants.

    Neurologic History

    • Should include data pertaining to neurovascular problems such as strokes or aneurysms.
    • Other elements like educational level and immunizations are less relevant.

    Romberg Sign

    • Indicates balance; a positive result is observed when a person loses balance with feet together and eyes closed.

    Finger-to-Nose Test

    • Assesses coordination and fine motor function through a simple movement task.

    Two-Point Discrimination

    • Most acute on fingertips where two points can be discerned 2-8 mm apart.
    • Less sensitive in areas like the back and chest.

    Cerebellar Ataxia

    • Characterized by a wide-based gait and staggering movements.
    • Indicates potential cerebellar dysfunction.

    Deep Pressure Tests

    • Used when superficial pain sensation is absent to assess neurologic function.

    Stereognosis

    • Ability to recognize objects by touch, tested by placing objects in the hand with eyes closed.

    Brown-Séquard Syndrome

    • Characterized by motor paralysis and proprioceptive loss on the same side of the body as the lesion.
    • Pain and temperature sensation loss occurs on the opposite side.

    Monofilament Testing

    • Assesses sensory function by applying pressure until filament bends, crucial for diabetic neuropathy assessments.

    Ankle Clonus

    • Tested when deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive; clonus indicates upper motor neuron lesions.

    Meningeal Signs

    • Brudzinski and Kernig signs are used to assess for meningeal irritation.

    Cranial Nerve XII in Infants

    • Assessed by observing sucking and swallowing; indicates proper nerve function.

    Concerns in Older Adults

    • Bilateral pill-rolling hand movements could indicate Parkinson's disease, while other findings may be expected with aging.

    Stroke Indicators

    • CVA symptoms include personality changes and hemiplegia; anterior cerebral artery involvement is typically associated with leg motor control.

    Guillain-Barré Syndrome

    • Autoimmune disorder leading to acute neuromuscular paralysis post-infection.

    Myasthenia Gravis

    • An autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks acetylcholine receptors, affecting muscle activation.

    Pseudotumor Cerebri

    • Condition mimicking brain tumors due to increased intracranial pressure, associated with conditions like obesity.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the autonomic nervous system with these flashcards from Chapter 23 of the Seidel book. Explore how the autonomic nervous system coordinates various internal functions and the distinctions between different biological systems. Enhance your understanding of neurologic concepts.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser