BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM I – Autonomic Nervous System
53 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which part of the nervous system is more restricted in its distribution?

  • Parasympathetic nervous system (correct)
  • Sympathetic nervous system
  • Cranial outflow
  • Sacral outflow
  • Which type of fibers are part of the parasympathetic nervous system's general functions?

  • Preganglionic fibers (correct)
  • Prevertebral ganglia fibers
  • Paravertebral ganglia fibers
  • Celiac ganglion fibers
  • Where do the sacral outflow fibers provide innervation according to the text?

  • Head and visceral cavities
  • External genitalia
  • Descending colon and rectum (correct)
  • Thoracic viscera and gastrointestinal tract
  • From where does Neuron #1 of the parasympathetic nervous system originate?

    <p>Brain stem or sacral spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organs are NOT reached by the parasympathetic nervous system according to the text?

    <p>Body wall and limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is produced and released by Neuron #2 in the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do preganglionic fibers synapse in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Prevertebral ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for providing sympathetic innervation to the gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Mesenteric ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ganglia are primarily involved in the innervation of the abdominal organs?

    <p>Celiac ganglion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia located?

    <p>Paravertebral ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ganglia are found anterior to the vertebral bodies in the abdomen?

    <p>Prevertebral ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the preganglionic fibers located before they synapse in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Alongside the prevertebral ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in relation to the bronchiolar diameter?

    <p>Constricting the bronchiolar diameter when oxygen demand decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the nervous system is responsible for controlling the heart or myocardium?

    <p>Parasympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT associated with the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Dilation of blood vessels in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the parasympathetic nervous system play in vision?

    <p>Causing constriction of the pupil and contraction of the ciliary muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nervous system activity is crucial for digestion and nutrient absorption?

    <p>Parasympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of genital function is regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system?

    <p>Erection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nematode causing onchocerciasis is transmitted to humans through the bite of blackflies?

    <p>Onchocerca volvulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Onchocerca volvulus infection?

    <p>Visual impairment and blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Onchocerca volvulus infection diagnosed?

    <p>Blood smear examination for microfilariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary vector responsible for transmitting Onchocerca volvulus in endemic regions?

    <p>Blackflies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the study of helminths like Onchocerca volvulus?

    <p>Parasitology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the Latin word 'nemat' in 'nematodes'?

    <p>Thread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of a nematode's body contains the mouth with labial structures and denticles on the inner lips?

    <p>Head Region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the process where nematodes shed their outer cuticle to accommodate growth?

    <p>Ecdysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In nematodes, what structures might be present along the body, including ridges, rings, or bristles?

    <p>Body Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system in nematodes has openings at both ends of the digestive tract?

    <p>Digestive System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinctive feature found at the tip of a nematode's tail region?

    <p>'Caudal Gland'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical lifespan of Onchocerca volvulus adults?

    <p>8-15 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which site is common for the migration of unsheathed microfilariae in Onchocerca volvulus infection?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of skin nodules in Onchocerca volvulus infection?

    <p>Painless and firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diagnosis of Onchocerca volvulus infection confirmed from eye infections?

    <p>Slit-lamp exam for microfilariae or lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a skin snip test in diagnosing Onchocerca volvulus infection?

    <p>To detect microfilariae under a microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lecture in the content provides an introduction to Helminths?

    <p>Introduction to Helminths (Nematodes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical lifespan of Trichuris trichiura adults?

    <p>1 year 3 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with a light burden of Trichuris trichiura?

    <p>Nausea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many eggs per day can one female Trichuris trichiura worm produce?

    <p>5,000 eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mode of transmission for Trichuris trichiura?

    <p>Foodborne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is mainly affected by heavy Trichuris trichiura infestation?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Trichuris trichiura infection be diagnosed?

    <p>Fecal smear for eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Ascaris lumbricoides adults?

    <p>Tapering at both ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Strongyloides stercoralis infection?

    <p>Dry Cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hookworm larvae primarily penetrate the host's skin?

    <p>Direct skin penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which helminth causes an intestinal inflammation that can extend to both small and large intestines?

    <p>Trichuris trichiura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do threadworms (Necator americanus) primarily enter the human host?

    <p>Penetration through the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Trichuris trichiura adults from other helminths mentioned in the content?

    <p>Presence of an undulating membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom that may occur during the larval migration of Ascaris lumbricoides?

    <p>Wheezing and shortness of breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method is considered the gold-standard for detecting Ascaris lumbricoides infection?

    <p>Detection of knobby-coated eggs in stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Trichuris trichiura most commonly found in terms of age groups?

    <p>Children aged 2-9 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Trichuris trichiura eggs that allows them to survive up to 5 years in soil?

    <p>Thick, rough outer shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is more likely to be triggered by a febrile illness in individuals with Ascaris lumbricoides heavy burden infection?

    <p>Abdominal pain and malabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which region does Trichuris trichiura have a higher incidence, similar to Ascaris lumbricoides?

    <p>Areas with poor sanitation practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Autonomic Nervous System Divisions Quiz
    10 questions
    Autonomic Nervous System 2.3A
    76 questions
    The Autonomic Nervous System Overview
    26 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser