Neurologic Exam
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the neurological examination assesses balance, coordination, and strength?

  • Mentation
  • Postural reactions
  • Cranial nerve tests
  • Gait and posture (correct)

    • What does the neurologic exam help determine in terms of the problem?

  • If the problem is related to knee injuries
  • If the problem is related to heart disease
  • If the problem is related to bleeding
  • If the problem is neurological or not (correct)

    • Which part of the neurologic exam assesses reflexes and responses of the head and face?

  • Postural reactions
  • Mentation
  • Cranial nerve tests (correct)
  • Gait and posture

    • What is the difference between upper motor neuron (UMN) and lower motor neuron (LMN) signs?

    <p>UMN signs affect the central nervous system, while LMN signs affect the peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reflex testing help with in terms of lesion localization?

    <p>Identifying if the lesion is in the CNS or PNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nerve damage is more likely to be permanent?

    <p>UMN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in muscle tone between UMN and LMN injuries?

    <p>Both UMN and LMN injuries have flaccid muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reflexes are intact and sometimes exaggerated in UMN injuries?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you assess the localization of spinal cord lesions?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the spinal cord is likely affected if only the back legs are affected?

    <p>T3-L3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for reflexes?

    <p>Peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of lesion localization in the nervous system?

    <p>To identify the location of the problem in the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the spinal cord is responsible for LMN to the rear legs?

    <p>Lumbosacral - L4-S3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a monosynaptic reflex arc?

    <p>A reflex that passes through a small segment of the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can an abnormal withdrawal reflex indicate?

    <p>A problem in the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segments of the spinal cord are associated with all four legs being affected and intact reflexes in all legs?

    <p>C1-C5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segments of the spinal cord are associated with all four legs being affected and reduced to absent reflexes in the front legs, but intact reflexes in the back legs?

    <p>C6-T2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'LMN' refer to in the context of spinal cord lesions?

    <p>Lower Motor Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which segment of the spinal cord is associated with LMN signs in the front legs?

    <p>C6-T2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If all four legs are affected and have weak to absent reflexes, what condition should be considered instead of spinal cord disease?

    <p>Generalized neuromuscular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for conscious awareness?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reflex?

    <p>A withdrawal response from an irritating stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an abnormal reflex indicate?

    <p>A problem in the entire pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the withdrawal test?

    <p>To determine the segments involved in a reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional clues do we use to narrow down the problem in an abnormal reflex?

    <p>Responses from other tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is required for a pet to be aware when its toes are being pinched?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 6 main parts of the neurologic exam?

    <p>Behavioral responses, balance and coordination, reflexes and strength, cranial nerve tests, proprioception, leg and body reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intact withdrawal and absent behavioral response indicate?

    <p>Problem in the thoracic and cervical spinal cord, brainstem, or cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the order of loss in neurologic function in a severe case?

    <p>Loss of motor function, loss of proprioception, loss of superficial pain sensation, loss of deep pain sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a lower motor neuron lesion (LMN) and an upper motor neuron lesion (UMN)?

    <p>LMN connects directly to the effector muscle, while UMN communicates with the LMN to initiate motor movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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