28 Questions
How many cranial nerves are associated with the pons?
5
Where are the cranial nerves for the midbrain located?
Midbrain
In clinical examination, on which side are the clinical findings always observed in relation to the cranial nerve involved?
Right side
How many cranial nerves are associated with the medulla?
12
Which cranial nerve has motor, parasympathetic, and sensory components?
Cranial nerve 7
Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus for eye abduction?
Cranial nerve 6
Which cranial nerve supplies motor innervation for the tongue?
Cranial nerve 12
Which cranial nerve is a sensory nerve with acoustic and vestibular divisions?
Cranial nerve 8
Which cranial nerve is important for localizing lesions based on its course from the eye to the occipital cortex?
Cranial nerve 2
Which cranial nerve is a motor nerve for the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles?
Cranial nerve 11
Which cranial nerve has its entry zone at the mid pons with motor and main sensory nucleus located at the same level?
Cranial nerve 5
Which cranial nerve innervates pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles?
Cranial nerve 9
Which cranial nerve is clinically lumped together with another and innervates pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles?
Cranial nerve 10
Which cranial nerve provides important anatomical localization of the midbrain?
Cranial nerve 4
Which cranial nerve has its course from the eye to the occipital cortex important for localizing lesions?
Cranial nerve 2
How many major oculomotor gaze systems control eye movements?
4
What causes anosmia in Kallman syndrome?
Olfactory bulb agenesis
Which test shows relative afferent pupillary defect in the left eye?
Swinging flashlight test
What is the cause of light-near dissociation in Argyll-Robertson pupil?
Neurosyphilis
What causes right hemianopia?
Lesion behind optic chiasm
What are the characteristic symptoms of ocular myasthenia gravis?
Bilateral ptosis, ocular misalignment
What is the characteristic feature of 6th and 3rd nerve palsies?
Incomplete eye movements and ptosis
What causes the lack of optokinetic nystagmus?
Lesion of parietal-occipital gaze center
What type of sensory deficit occurs in all divisions of the 5th nerve?
Sensory deficit for both light touch and pain
What causes positive jaw jerk indicating an upper motor lesion affecting the 5th cranial nerve?
Weakness of pterygoids
What is the indication of a sensory limb lesion of the 7th nerve?
Difficulty identifying taste on one side of the tongue
What causes conductive hearing loss in the right ear?
Deficit of right 9th & 10th cranial nerves
Which cranial nerve deficit causes palate elevation and uvula deviation to the left?
Deficit of right 9th & 10th cranial nerves
Study Notes
Neurological Examination Findings
- Anosmia is seen in Kallman syndrome due to olfactory bulb agenesis
- Patient tested for visual acuity with Rosenbaum chart, has 20/70 vision in left eye, 20/40 in right due to optic nerve damage
- Swinging flashlight test shows relative afferent pupillary defect in left eye
- Light-near dissociation occurs in Argyll-Robertson pupil, seen in neurosyphilis
- Patient shows right hemianopia from lesion behind optic chiasm
- Ocular myasthenia gravis patient has bilateral ptosis, ocular misalignment
- Patients with 6th and 3rd nerve palsies have incomplete eye movements and ptosis
- Patient lacks optokinetic nystagmus due to lesion of parietal-occipital gaze center
- Sensory deficit for both light touch and pain on left side of face for all divisions of 5th nerve
- Weakness of pterygoids causes jaw deviation, positive jaw jerk indicates upper motor lesion affecting 5th cranial nerve
- Patient has difficulty identifying taste on right side of tongue, indicating sensory limb lesion of 7th nerve
- Patient has conductive hearing loss in right ear, deficit of right 9th & 10th cranial nerves causes palate elevation and uvula deviation to left
Test your knowledge of neurological examination findings with this quiz. Identify and understand various clinical presentations and their associated neurological deficits, such as anosmia in Kallman syndrome, optic nerve damage, pupillary defects, hemianopia, myasthenia gravis, nerve palsies, nystagmus, sensory deficits, and cranial nerve lesions.
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