Ch 16- Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Unmyelinated polymodal fibers; transmit dull, aching pain.

Lightly myelinated fibers; transmit sharp, localized pain quickly.

Free nerve endings that respond to pain stimuli.

Conduction of pain impulses via A-delta and C fibers.

Conscious awareness of pain occurring in the CNS.

Identifies the presence, character, location, and intensity of pain.

Fibers that respond to multiple types of stimuli (C fibers).

Part of the spinal cord where pain signals enter the CNS.

Exchange of air that results in minimal heat loss, especially faster at higher body temperatures.

Behavioral actions like stretching out and wearing light clothing to increase heat loss.

Adjustment period of the body transitioning from cooler to warmer climates lasting several days to weeks.

Common heat injury due to prolonged high temperatures, leading to dehydration and hypotension.

Encouraging rest and warm fluid intake to recover from heat-related symptoms.

Persistent pain lasting beyond normal healing time, often over 3-6 months.

Chronic pain caused by nerve dysfunction, leading to abnormal sensory processing.

Pain caused by trauma or diseases affecting peripheral nerves.

Pain from lesions or dysfunction in the central nervous system.

Increased sensitivity to a painful stimulus; normally painful stimuli feel worse.

Induction of pain by typically non-painful stimuli.

Pain perceived in an amputated limb after healing.

Pain resulting from lesions that disrupt sensory pathways in the nervous system.

Long-lasting changes in pain processing along somatosensory pathways.

Central pain associated with stroke, causing hypersensitivity on one body side.

Highly contagious eye infection often seen in children, resolves spontaneously in 10-14 days.

Mucopurulent drainage from one or both eyes; associated with redness and pain.

Contagious inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by adenovirus; symptoms include watering and redness.

Watering, redness, photophobia; milder than bacterial.

Ocular inflammation due to allergens, causing itching and a gritty feel in the eyes.

Includes antihistamines, corticosteroids, and mast cell stabilizers.

Chlamydial conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; leads to blindness if untreated.

Inflammation of the cornea possibly caused by infection; severe cases may require transplantation.

A lethal condition from the breakdown of thermoregulation due to high body temperature.

A critical indicator of heat stroke; greater than 41°C or 106°F.

Includes dry skin, confusion, irritability, and loss of consciousness.

Immediate cooling, removing from heat, using water or ice packs strategically.

Children are more susceptible due to higher metabolic heat and lower sweating capacity.

Normal sleep consists of cyclic phases: NREM and REM.

Non-REM sleep makes up 75-80% of sleep time with varying depths.

The hypothalamus regulates the sleep-wake cycle.

A sleep stage characterized by slowed EEG, sleep spindles, and slow eye movements; lasts 30-60 min and comprises 45-55% of sleep time.

Known as slow-wave sleep, it features low-frequency high-amplitude delta waves, no slow eye movements, and accounts for 13-23% of sleep time.

Bursts of oscillatory brain activity that occur in N2 sleep, associated with memory consolidation.

Muscle relaxation during REM sleep, leading to temporary paralysis of antigravity muscles.

Impairment of memory and learning processes due to the absence of REM sleep.

Changes in cerebral blood flow during different sleep stages impact brain function and metabolic processes.

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, the mucous membrane covering the eyeball.