32 Questions
What is the location of the cerebellum in the cranial fossa?
Posterior cranial fossa
What is the superior relation of the cerebellum?
Tentorium cerebelli
What is the narrow median part of the cerebellum called?
Vermis
How many parts does the vermis divide into?
Two
What is the name of the wide notch related to the back of the brain stem?
Anterior notch
What is the name of the narrow notch that receives the falx cerebelli?
Posterior notch
Where is the primary fissure located?
On the superior surface
Where is the posterolateral fissure located?
On the inferior surface
What is the primary fissure located between?
Anterior lobe and posterior lobe
What is the function of the superior cerebellar peduncles?
Connecting cerebellum to midbrain
What is the name of the fissure that separates the posterior lobe from the flocculo-nodular lobe?
Posterolateral fissure
How many peduncles connect the cerebellum with the brainstem?
3
What is the name of the lobe that lies on the superior surface cranial to the primary fissure?
Anterior lobe
What is the name of the structure that separates the two hemispheres of the cerebellum?
Falx cerebelli
What is the name of the median part of the flocculo-nodular lobe?
Nodule
What is the name of the fissure that separates the superior and inferior surfaces of the cerebellum?
Horizontal fissure
What structure connects the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata?
Inferior cerebellar peduncle
Which part of the cerebellum is connected with the vestibular system?
Archicerebellum
What is the outer layer of grey matter in the cerebellum?
Cerebellar cortex
What is the function of the Paleocerebellum?
Regulation of muscle tone and muscle coordination
Which nucleus is located in the vermal zone of the cerebellum?
Fastigial nucleus
What is the name of the involuntary, rhythmical wavering movement of the hand?
Intention tremor
What is the function of the paleocerebellum?
Muscle tone and muscle co-ordination
How many longitudinal zones are there in the cerebellum?
3
What is the function of the Neocerebellum?
Planning and automatic control of movements
What is the name of the condition where the patient walks with legs far apart?
Ataxia
What is the correct order of the deep cerebellar nuclei from medial to lateral?
Fastigial, globose, emboliform, dentate
What is the name of the test used to diagnose Dysmetria?
Finger-nose test
What structure connects the cerebellum to the pons?
Middle cerebellar peduncle
What is the characteristic of Scanning speech?
Slurred and hesitating
What is the medullary center composed of?
White matter
What is the result of Dysmetria?
Overshooting the target
Study Notes
Cerebellum
- Located in the posterior cranial fossa, superiorly separated from the cerebral hemisphere by the tentorium cerebelli
- Anteriorly, it is related to the back of the pons and medulla with the 4th ventricle
Gross Features of the Cerebellum
- Consists of two cerebellar hemispheres (large lateral parts formed of many gyri called folia) and a narrow median part called vermis
- Vermis is divided into superior and inferior vermis
Notches of the Cerebellum
- Anterior notch: a wide notch related to the back of the brain stem
- Posterior notch: a narrow notch which receives the falx cerebelli
Fissures of the Cerebellum
- Primary fissure: on the superior surface at the junction of the anterior one-third and posterior two-thirds
- Posterolateral fissure: on the inferior surface
- Horizontal fissure: between superior and inferior surfaces
Anatomical Classification of Lobes
- Anterior lobe: area on the superior surface cranial to the primary fissure
- Posterior lobe: area between primary and posterior fissures, lies in superior and inferior surfaces
- Flocculo-nodular lobe: lies in the inferior surface, consists of right & left flocculi and a median nodule
Cerebellar Peduncles
- Three peduncles connect the cerebellum with the brainstem:
- Superior cerebellar peduncles: connect cerebellum to midbrain
- Middle cerebellar peduncles: connect cerebellum to pons
- Inferior cerebellar peduncles: connect cerebellum to medulla oblongata
Structure of the Cerebellum
- Outer layer of grey matter: cerebellar cortex
- White matter: medullary center
- Four deep cerebellar nuclei:
- Fastigial nucleus
- Globose nucleus
- Emboliform nucleus
- Dentate nucleus
Divisions of the Cerebellum
- Longitudinal divisions: 3 zones
- Vermal zone: contains fastigial nuclei
- Paravermal zone: contains globose and emboliform nuclei
- Lateral zone: contains dentate nucleus
- Functional divisions:
- Archicerebellum (flocculo-nodular lobe): connected with the vestibular system, concerned with equilibrium
- Paleocerebellum (vermal and paravermal zones): connected with the spinal cord, concerned with regulation of muscle tone and muscle coordination
- Neocerebellum (lateral zone): connected with the cerebral cortex, concerned with planning and automatic control of movements
Signs of Cerebellar Dysfunction
- Intention tremor: involuntary, rhythmical wavering movement of the hand
- Loss of muscle coordination:
- Ataxia: the patient walks with legs far apart
- Nystagmus: the eyes make repetitive, uncontrolled movements
- Scanning speech: the speech is slurred and hesitating
- Dysmetria with overshooting: inability to measure the distance, results in overshooting the target
Learn about the cerebellum, a large posterior part of the brain, its location and general relations. Quiz covers the anatomy and structure of the cerebellum.
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