Networking Types: WAN, LAN, MAN Overview

Study Notes

WANs can be accessed through various links like VPNs, wireless, and cellular networks.
They enable communication and data sharing between locations across the globe.
Key features include global reach, information sharing across branches, and remote employee access.
They are essential for businesses to connect employees, share information, and stay connected regardless of location.
WANs are crucial for universities to access library databases and research materials.

LANs are confined to a limited area, such as an office building.
They can provide access to a larger WAN, but only within their physical reach.
LANs are commonly used in offices and homes for high-speed data transfer.
Ethernet is a popular technology used for LANs, offering high-speed connectivity.

A MAC address is a unique 48-bit hardware address used for communication between devices on a network.
It's stored in the network card's firmware and assigned by manufacturers using a unique Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI).
Each device has a unique MAC address.

A NIC is a hardware component that enables a computer to connect to a network.
It's also known as a network interface controller or network adapter.
NICs come in two types: internal (installed in the motherboard) and external (used for desktops and laptops without internal NICs).

Ethernet is a technology used for wired LANs and WANs.
It defines a set of rules for formatting and transmitting data.
It utilizes various hardware components, including cables and hubs.
Ethernet's advantages include
- Low cost, backward compatibility, noise resistance, good data transfer quality, speed, reliability, and data security.
Ethernet's disadvantages include
- limited to shorter distances, restricted mobility, potential crosstalk with long cables, difficulties with real-time applications, and challenging troubleshooting.