Types of Computer Networks

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)?

  • To store user data locally
  • To translate domain names into IP addresses (correct)
  • To secure network communications
  • To manage internet traffic

Which statement about IPv4 and IPv6 is correct?

  • IPv6 was created due to the limitations of IPv4 (correct)
  • IPv4 can accommodate an unlimited number of devices
  • IPv4 addresses are 128 bits long
  • IPv6 addresses consist of four octets

What is one of the common threats associated with cybersecurity?

  • Phishing (correct)
  • Bandwidth throttling
  • Browser caching
  • Network optimization

Which of the following is considered a security measure in networking?

<p>Two-factor authentication (2FA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Internet of Things (IoT) refer to?

<p>Network connectivity for everyday objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a computer network?

<p>To facilitate data exchange and communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network connects devices within a single building?

<p>Local Area Network (LAN) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device is responsible for directing data between networks?

<p>Router (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered the largest WAN?

<p>The internet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ensure?

<p>Reliable delivery of packets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol governs web communication and security?

<p>Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/HTTPS) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a firewall in a network?

<p>To control network traffic and prevent unauthorized access (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for converting digital data for transmission over phone lines?

<p>Modem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is a computer network?

A group of interconnected computers and devices that communicate to share resources and data.

What is a LAN?

A network that connects devices within a small area, like an office or home.

What is a WAN?

A network that covers a large geographic area, like a city or country.

What is a MAN?

A network that connects devices within a city or campus.

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What is a router?

A device that directs data between networks, enabling internet access.

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What is a switch?

A device that connects devices within a network, filtering data to the correct destination.

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What is a modem?

A device that converts digital data for transmission over phone lines.

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What is the Internet?

A vast network connecting millions of private, public, academic, and business networks globally.

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What does DNS stand for?

A system that translates human-readable domain names like "google.com" into numerical IP addresses, which computers use to communicate.

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What is IPv4?

A 32-bit address system, now limited in availability, used to identify devices on the internet. It uses four octets (8-digit numbers) separated by dots.

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What is IPv6?

A 128-bit addressing system designed to handle the vast growth of internet-connected devices, providing more addresses than IPv4.

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What is malware?

A malicious software program designed to harm or exploit computer systems.

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What is a firewall?

A security measure that acts like a gatekeeper between your computer and the internet, blocking unwanted traffic.

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Study Notes

Computer Networks

  • A computer network is a group of interconnected computers and devices that communicate to share resources and data.
  • The purpose of computer networks is to facilitate data exchange and communication, and enable resource sharing like printers, files, and internet connections.
  • Examples include:
    • Local Area Network (LAN): Within a single building.
    • Wide Area Network (WAN): Across large areas (cities or countries).
    • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Covers a city or campus area.

Types of Computer Networks

  • Local Area Network (LAN): Connects computers within a small area, such as an office, and is typically private.
  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Connects networks within a city, often used by businesses or government.
  • Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers a large geographic area, often using leased telecom lines, and the internet is the largest WAN.
  • Wireless Networks: Examples include Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, essential for mobile connectivity.

Networking Devices

  • Router: Directs data between networks, enabling internet access.
  • Switch: Connects devices within a network, filtering data to the correct destination.
  • Modem: Converts digital data for transmission over phone lines.
  • Access Point: Provides wireless connectivity within a network.
  • Firewall: A security device that controls network traffic to prevent unauthorized access.

Introduction to the Internet

  • The internet is a vast network connecting millions of private, public, academic, and business networks globally.
  • It originated from ARPANET in the 1960s and became commercialized in the 1990s.
  • Data is broken into packets, transmitted over networks, and reassembled on arrival.

Internet Protocols

  • Internet Protocol (IP): Manages addressing and routing of packets across networks.
  • Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): Ensures reliable delivery of packets.
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/HTTPS): Governs web communication and security (HTTPS).
  • File Transfer Protocol (FTP): Used for transferring files over the internet.
  • Email Protocols (SMTP, POP3, IMAP): Manage sending and receiving email.

IP Addresses and Domain Names

  • IP Address: A unique identifier assigned to each device on a network (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
  • Domain Name System (DNS): Translates human-friendly domain names (like google.com) into IP addresses.
  • IPv4: 32-bit address, limited in availability. Example: 192.168.0.1, uses four octets (numbers from 0 to 255).
  • IPv6: 128-bit address, created to handle the expansion of internet-connected devices. Example: 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334, uses eight groups of four hexadecimal characters.

Internet Services and Applications

  • World Wide Web (WWW): A collection of websites and web pages accessible via the internet.
  • Email: Digital communication through electronic mail services.
  • Cloud Computing: Accessing and storing data online rather than locally.
  • Social Media and Streaming Services: Platforms for interaction, entertainment, and content sharing.

Cybersecurity in Networking

  • Network Security: Protects data and resources from cyber threats.
  • Common Threats: Include Malware (malicious software designed to damage or exploit devices), Phishing (fraudulent attempts to gather sensitive information), Ransomware (malware that encrypts data and demands a ransom), and DDoS (distributed denial-of-service attacks that overload servers with traffic, causing a shutdown).
  • Security Measures: Include the use of firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, and two-factor authentication (2FA).
  • 5G and Beyond: Next-generation cellular networks that enable faster data transmission.
  • Internet of Things (IoT): Network connectivity extending to everyday objects, allowing data exchange.
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Networking: AI improves network efficiency, security, and troubleshooting.
  • Quantum Networking: Future technology for highly secure communication using quantum mechanics.

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