Networking Fundamentals Quiz
48 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a network?

  • To operate independently without any devices
  • To connect devices for information exchange (correct)
  • To restrict access to certain users
  • To allow only video sharing between devices

Which network type connects hosts within a limited geographical area, such as an office building?

  • Personal Area Network (PAN)
  • Wide Area Network (WAN)
  • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
  • Local Area Network (LAN) (correct)

What is the largest Wide Area Network (WAN) currently in operation?

  • Intranet
  • Metropolitan Area Network
  • The Internet (correct)
  • Local Area Network

What are the two basic building blocks of any network?

<p>Nodes and Links (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of link in network topologies?

<p>Processor Management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of topology involves direct connections between just two nodes?

<p>Point-to-Point Topology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network often covers distances of hundreds of kilometers?

<p>Wide Area Network (WAN) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do interconnection devices play in a network?

<p>They enable communication between nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a Network Service Provider (NSP)?

<p>A national backbone network that connects multiple ISPs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the traceroute utility?

<p>To display the route and timing of packets across networks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of topology can a network cloud represent?

<p>Any basic network topology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device is NOT classified as an interconnection device?

<p>Computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between ISPs and NSPs?

<p>NSPs provide the backbone networks that ISPs use to connect to the Internet. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a Local Area Network?

<p>LAN (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Point of Presence (POP) signify in network terminology?

<p>A location for connecting local networks to the Internet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT likely be part of a typical campus network?

<p>National backbone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major disadvantage of linear topology?

<p>Failure of a link can disrupt communication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does bus topology manage bandwidth utilization?

<p>Only one node can transmit at a time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism does ring topology use to manage data transmission?

<p>Token passing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes dual ring topology from single ring topology?

<p>It offers better fault tolerance with two counter-rotating tokens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which topology was traditionally used in earlier Local Area Networks (LANs)?

<p>Bus topology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What devices are used in bus topology to prevent signal reflection?

<p>Terminator devices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which topology does a collision occur if two nodes transmit simultaneously?

<p>Bus topology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does linear topology handle data transfer between nodes?

<p>Transfer through multiple nodes sequentially (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a hub in a star topology?

<p>To connect multiple nodes and broadcast data to all of them. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of star topology over bus topology?

<p>Star topology has better fault tolerance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mesh topology connects every node directly to every other node?

<p>Full mesh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In current local area networks, what device has typically replaced the hub?

<p>Switch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which problem arises from increasing the number of nodes in a bus topology?

<p>Increased chances of collisions affecting performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be addressed when building larger networks to ensure interconnectivity?

<p>How to increase capacity and connect different topologies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of FDDI?

<p>It is a type of network interface based on ring topology. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What commonly affects signal quality in longer links of a network?

<p>Signal corruption and voltage level drop. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary command used for traceroute in Unix, Linux, and Mac OS?

<p>traceroute (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What command is equivalent to traceroute in Windows?

<p>tracert (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component does traceroute manipulate in the packet to gather routing information?

<p>Time To Live (TTL) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a packet when its TTL value reaches 0?

<p>The packet is discarded, and an ICMP Time Exceeded packet is sent back. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of packet does traceroute primarily use to obtain network paths?

<p>ICMP echo request packet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default TTL value when a packet begins its journey in traceroute?

<p>64 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of information can a traceroute command gather about each hop along the route?

<p>Round trip times for packets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would NOT be an outcome of incorrectly configured TTL in packets?

<p>Attachments to large data files (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sending ICMP echo request packets with increasing TTL values in traceroute?

<p>To collect information about each router along the path (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a router respond to a packet that has a TTL of 0?

<p>It discards the packet and sends an ICMP time exceeded message back (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What total number of packets does the source send in traceroute to gather data about the path?

<p>39 packets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a basic topology for networks mentioned in the key take-aways?

<p>Cloud topology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically not true about the path taken by Internet packets?

<p>It is generally the shortest path available (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest TTL value used by the source in the given traceroute example?

<p>13 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about traceroute is incorrect?

<p>Traceroute relies on the path being static at all times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does traceroute rely on to measure the time taken for packets to travel to the destination?

<p>The round-trip time for packets sent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Network

A collection of devices connected together for communication.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network that connects devices within a limited geographical area, like an office or building.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A network that connects devices across a larger area, like a city or multiple branch offices.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A network that connects devices across the globe.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Links

A network that connects devices using wires, cables, or wireless signals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nodes

A network that uses devices like computers, servers, or smartphones to communicate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Point-to-Point Topology

A network that connects two devices directly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Network Topologies

Different layouts or arrangements of nodes and links in a network, like star or ring.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Linear Topology

A network topology where devices are connected in a straight line, with each device communicating directly with its neighbors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bus Topology

A linear topology where all devices share a single communication channel. Signals travel in both directions, allowing for shared bandwidth but also collisions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ring Topology

A network layout where devices are connected in a circular fashion, with data flowing in a single direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dual Ring Topology

A network topology where devices are connected using two separate rings, which circulate data in opposite directions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a drawback of linear topology?

When data transmission between nodes can be interrupted, causing communication failures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are collisions in a bus topology?

When two or more devices attempt to transmit data simultaneously on the same channel, leading to interference and corrupted data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is a token in ring topology?

A special bit pattern used in ring networks to regulate data transmission and prevent collisions by ensuring only one device transmits at a time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is token passing?

A mechanism that prevents data collisions in ring networks by allowing only the device holding the token to transmit data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Star Topology

A network topology where all devices connect to a central hub. It's like a collapsed bus, where data is broadcasted to all nodes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hub

A central device that receives and forwards data to all connected devices in a network. In a star topology, all devices connect to a central hub.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fault Tolerance

A network's ability to withstand failures without affecting the entire system. In a star topology, if one device fails, the rest of the network can still function.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mesh Topology

A network topology where each device connects to multiple other devices. It can be a full mesh (every node is connected to every other node) or a partial mesh (some links may not be present).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Increasing Network Capacity

Increasing the capacity of a network by adding more links, lengthening existing links, or connecting more devices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interconnecting Networks

Connecting different types of networks with different topologies and bandwidths to create a larger, heterogeneous network.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Interconnection Device

A device that connects different parts of a network, enabling communication between them. Examples include repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, and routers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

The Internet

The largest interconnected collection of networks worldwide, permitting communication and access to information on a global scale.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

A company that provides access to the internet for individuals and organizations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

NSP (Network Service Provider)

A company that provides internet services on a larger scale, often connecting ISPs and forming the internet's backbone.

Signup and view all the flashcards

traceroute

A command-line utility used to trace the path taken by packets from a source to a destination on the internet, revealing the network devices along the route and their response times.

Signup and view all the flashcards

POP (Point of Presence)

A point of presence on the internet, typically used for connecting different parts of the network or providing access to specific services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

LAN (Local Area Network)

A network that spans a relatively small area, typically within a building or campus, connecting devices in a localized environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Traceroute Tool

A tool used to trace the path a network packet takes from your computer to a destination. It identifies each router or network device along the way.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How TTL Works

When a packet reaches a router, the router decreases the TTL (Time To Live) value by 1. If TTL reaches 0, the router discards the packet and sends an ICMP Time Exceeded message back to the source.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Traceroute Mechanism

Traceroute uses ICMP echo request packets with manipulated TTL values to identify the routers along a packet's path. When a router discards a packet due to TTL reaching 0, it sends an ICMP Time Exceeded message back to the source, revealing the router that discarded the packet.

Signup and view all the flashcards

ICMP Echo Request

An ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request packet is a type of network management packet that is used to test connectivity and determine round-trip times between devices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Information Collected by Traceroute

Traceroute provides information about the routers along a network path, including their IP addresses and the round-trip times for each hop. This helps identify network bottlenecks or issues with specific routers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Traceroute for Troubleshooting

Traceroute helps diagnose network connectivity problems by identifying the specific router where a packet is lost or experiencing delays. This information is helpful for troubleshooting network issues and improving network performance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Availability of Traceroute

Traceroute is a command-line tool available in various operating systems like Windows (tracert), Unix/Linux/Mac OS (traceroute). There are also online visual traceroute tools available.

Signup and view all the flashcards

TTL (Time To Live)

The TTL (Time To Live) value is a counter in the packet header that indicates the maximum number of router hops the packet can traverse.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does traceroute work?

A network diagnostic tool that traces a packet's route from source to destination by sending packets with increasing Time-To-Live (TTL) values. Each router along the path decrements TTL by 1 and sends a reply back if the TTL becomes 0, revealing the router's IP address.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why does traceroute send three packets per hop?

Traceroute sends three packets with the same TTL for each hop to calculate the average round-trip time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What information can be learned from the number of hops in a traceroute output?

The number of routers between the source and destination. Each router is identified by a unique IP address encountered by traceroute.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does the largest TTL value in a traceroute output indicate?

The maximum TTL value used by the source in the traceroute process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the average packet travel time in traceroute?

The average time taken for a packet to travel from the source to the destination. It's calculated by averaging the round-trip time for each hop.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How are Internet packets transmitted across oceans?

Undersea cables are used to transmit data across the ocean.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Is the route from source to destination always the same and the shortest path?

Internet routes can be dynamic depending on network traffic and congestion. The shortest path isn't always the fastest due to varying network conditions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two building blocks of any network?

Nodes and links are the fundamental building blocks for creating any type of network.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Introduction to Networks

  • Networks are interconnected collections of autonomous devices (like computers, tablets, and sensors) that exchange data using communication protocols (like TCP/IP) over various media (wired and wireless) and across diverse platforms (like Windows, Mac, and Linux).

Network Topologies

  • Networks are built using two basic components:
    • Nodes: These are the individual devices (e.g., computers, servers, mobile devices).
    • Links: These are the connections between the devices (e.g., cables, wireless signals).
  • Common network topologies include:
    • Point-to-Point: Two nodes connected by a single link.
    • Linear: Multiple nodes connected in a line.
    • Bus: All nodes share a single link. Problems arise with simultaneous transmissions.
    • Ring: Nodes are connected in a loop; one node can transmit data only if it has the token.
    • Dual Ring: Combines two counter-rotating rings for improved fault tolerance.
    • Star: Nodes are connected to a central hub or switch.
    • Mesh: Multiple links connect nodes in an arbitrary pattern, with each connection possibly between every node or a selection.

Interconnection Devices

  • Devices that connect networks and expand their reach. Examples include:
    • Repeaters/Hubs: Extend the length of a network and boost signal strength. Hubs are multi-port repeaters.
    • Bridges/Switches: Extend network range and filter data to reduce unnecessary transmissions (improving performance). They can connect networks with different bandwidths.
    • Routers: Connect different networks, translating operations between topologies and allowing communication across networks with different bandwidths. They select optimal paths for data transmission.

The Structure of the Internet

  • The Internet is a vast collection of interconnected networks.
  • Core components include:
    • Internet Service Providers (ISPs): Companies that provide internet access.
    • Network Service Providers (NSPs): Companies that maintain high-capacity backbone networks to interconnect large portions of the internet.
    • Campus Backbones: Connections within university or corporate campuses.
    • Office LANs: Local area networks within individual offices.

Performance

  • Network performance is significantly affected by the number of nodes, the characteristics of the different topologies used, and bandwidth.

Traceroute Utility

  • traceroute (or tracert): A command-line utility to display the route and measure transit time of packets across the Internet.
  • It works by sending packets with decreasing Time-To-Live (TTL) values.
  • Each router along a packet's path decrement TTL by one.
  • Source records the routers along the path and their response times.

How does traceroute work?

  • Traceroute sends a request packet (using ICMP echo) to a destination.

  • Each router on the path decrements the Time-to-Live (TTL) in the packet header and forwards the packet.

  • If a router encounters a packet with TTL 0, it returns an "ICMP Time Exceeded" message.

  • Traceroute collects this information on the path.

  • The information is then used to deduce the route from the source (the computer) to the destination.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

CSCI 3171 Network Computing Module 1 PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on basic networking concepts with this quiz. Covering topics such as network types, topologies, and essential devices, it's perfect for students looking to grasp networking fundamentals. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the workings of networks!

More Like This

Network Fundamentals
14 questions

Network Fundamentals

TougherGalaxy avatar
TougherGalaxy
Network Fundamentals: LANs, WANs, and Topologies
38 questions

Network Fundamentals: LANs, WANs, and Topologies

LucrativeChrysanthemum avatar
LucrativeChrysanthemum
Introduction to Networks - Lesson 1
48 questions

Introduction to Networks - Lesson 1

ProsperousJadeite8589 avatar
ProsperousJadeite8589
CCNA: Network Fundamentals & Topologies
9 questions

CCNA: Network Fundamentals & Topologies

PamperedGoblin5051 avatar
PamperedGoblin5051
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser