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Questions and Answers
What is the main characteristic of a bus topology in a network?
What is the main characteristic of a bus topology in a network?
A single cable connects all devices in a linear sequence.
What is the primary function of the Network Layer (Layer 3) in the OSI model?
What is the primary function of the Network Layer (Layer 3) in the OSI model?
Rout[ing] data between networks.
What is the purpose of a repeater in a network?
What is the purpose of a repeater in a network?
To amplify weak signals to extend network coverage.
What is the key difference between a hub and a switch in a network?
What is the key difference between a hub and a switch in a network?
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What is the primary function of the Transport Layer (Layer 4) in the OSI model?
What is the primary function of the Transport Layer (Layer 4) in the OSI model?
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What is the primary function of a switch in a network?
What is the primary function of a switch in a network?
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What type of switch allows configuration of VLANs, QoS, and security features?
What type of switch allows configuration of VLANs, QoS, and security features?
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What is the advantage of using Cut-Through Switching mode?
What is the advantage of using Cut-Through Switching mode?
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What is the main advantage of using a switch in a network?
What is the main advantage of using a switch in a network?
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What is the disadvantage of using a single switch in a network?
What is the disadvantage of using a single switch in a network?
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What type of switch provides power to connected devices over Ethernet cables?
What type of switch provides power to connected devices over Ethernet cables?
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What is the main difference between Store-and-Forward Switching and Cut-Through Switching?
What is the main difference between Store-and-Forward Switching and Cut-Through Switching?
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What is the purpose of a switch learning the MAC addresses of connected devices?
What is the purpose of a switch learning the MAC addresses of connected devices?
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What is the advantage of using Fragment-Free Switching mode?
What is the advantage of using Fragment-Free Switching mode?
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Study Notes
Network Topologies
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Physical Topologies:
- Bus: A single cable connects all devices in a linear sequence.
- Star: All devices connect to a central device (hub/switch).
- Ring: Devices connect in a circular configuration.
- Mesh: Each device connects to every other device.
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Logical Topologies:
- Broadcast: All devices receive all messages.
- Point-to-Point: Direct connection between two devices.
OSI Layers
- Layer 7: Application: Supports functions such as email and file transfer.
- Layer 6: Presentation: Converts data into a format for transmission.
- Layer 5: Session: Establishes, manages, and terminates connections.
- Layer 4: Transport: Provides error-free transfer of data.
- Layer 3: Network: Routes data between networks.
- Layer 2: Data Link: Ensures error-free transfer of data frames.
- Layer 1: Physical: Defines physical means of data transmission.
Network Components
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Hub:
- A simple network device that connects multiple devices.
- Broadcasts incoming data to all connected devices.
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Switch:
- A network device that connects multiple devices.
- Intelligently forwards data to the intended device.
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Router:
- Connects multiple networks and routes data between them.
- Uses IP addresses to determine the destination network.
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Repeater:
- Amplifies weak signals to extend network coverage.
- Used to connect two segments of a network.
Network Topologies
-
Physical Topologies:
- Bus: A single cable connects all devices in a linear sequence, making it a simple and cost-effective topology.
- Star: All devices connect to a central device (hub/switch), allowing for easy addition or removal of devices.
- Ring: Devices connect in a circular configuration, providing high-speed data transfer but vulnerable to single point of failure.
- Mesh: Each device connects to every other device, providing maximum redundancy and reliability.
Network Topologies
-
Logical Topologies:
- Broadcast: All devices receive all messages, making it a simple and efficient topology.
- Point-to-Point: Direct connection between two devices, ensuring dedicated bandwidth and reducing latency.
OSI Layers
- Layer 7: Application: Supports functions such as email, file transfer, and web browsing, providing services to end-user applications.
- Layer 6: Presentation: Converts data into a format for transmission, such as encryption and compression, ensuring data integrity.
- Layer 5: Session: Establishes, manages, and terminates connections between applications, controlling dialogue between devices.
- Layer 4: Transport: Provides error-free transfer of data, ensuring reliable communication between devices.
- Layer 3: Network: Routes data between networks, determining the best path for packet transmission.
- Layer 2: Data Link: Ensures error-free transfer of data frames, providing flow control and error detection.
- Layer 1: Physical: Defines physical means of data transmission, such as cable specifications and wireless transmission.
Network Components
- Hub: A simple network device that connects multiple devices, broadcasting incoming data to all connected devices, but lacking intelligence.
- Switch: A network device that connects multiple devices, intelligently forwarding data to the intended device, reducing network congestion.
- Router: A device that connects multiple networks and routes data between them, using IP addresses to determine the destination network.
- Repeater: A device that amplifies weak signals to extend network coverage, used to connect two segments of a network, but not a routing device.
Switches
- A switch connects multiple devices in a network, enabling communication between them.
Functions
- Receives incoming data packets and directs them to the intended recipient based on the destination MAC address.
- Examines incoming packets, forwards them to the correct port, and prevents data collisions by ensuring only one device can transmit at a time.
- Learns and stores MAC addresses of connected devices in a table.
Types of Switches
- Unmanaged Switches: Basic switches with no configuration options, used for simple network extensions.
- Managed Switches: Allow configuration of VLANs, QoS, and security features.
- PoE (Power over Ethernet) Switches: Provide power to connected devices over Ethernet cables.
Switching Modes
- Cut-Through Switching: Forwards packets as soon as the destination MAC address is received.
- Store-and-Forward Switching: Stores the entire packet before forwarding it to the destination.
- Fragment-Free Switching: Stores the packet until the collision window is clear, then forwards it.
Advantages and Disadvantages
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Advantages:
- Improves network efficiency by reducing collisions and increasing bandwidth.
- Allows for easy network expansion and scalability.
- Supports VLANs and QoS for better network management.
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Disadvantages:
- Can be a single point of failure if not redundant.
- Can be vulnerable to security threats if not properly configured.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of network topologies and OSI layers. Learn about physical and logical topologies, and the role of the application layer.
