Network Fundamentals Quiz

Network Fundamentals

• A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other to share resources and exchange data.
• Networks allow devices to communicate with each other through a common language or protocol.

Network Topologies

• Physical Topology: The physical arrangement of devices in a network.
  • Examples: Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, Hybrid
• Logical Topology: The way data flows through a network.
  • Examples: Bus, Star, Ring

Network Types

• LAN (Local Area Network): A network that spans a small geographical area, typically within a building or campus.
• WAN (Wide Area Network): A network that spans a larger geographical area, typically connecting multiple LANs.
• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): A network that spans a metropolitan area, typically connecting multiple LANs and WANs.
• WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network): A network that connects devices wirelessly.
• Internet: A global network of interconnected computers and servers.

Network Protocols

• TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): A suite of protocols used to communicate over the internet.
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): A protocol used for transferring data over the web.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A protocol used for transferring files over a network.
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): A protocol used for sending and receiving email.

Network Devices

• Hub: A simple network device that connects multiple devices together.
• Switch: A network device that connects multiple devices together and filters traffic.
• Router: A network device that connects multiple networks together and routes traffic.
• Bridge: A network device that connects two separate networks together.
• Gateway: A network device that connects a network to the internet.

Network Communication

• Unicast: A communication method where one device sends data to another single device.
• Multicast: A communication method where one device sends data to multiple devices.
• Broadcast: A communication method where one device sends data to all devices on a network.
• OSI Model: A 7-layer model that describes how data is transmitted over a network.
  • Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application

Network Security

• Firewall: A network device or software that filters incoming and outgoing traffic.
• VPN (Virtual Private Network): A secure connection between two devices over the internet.
• Encryption: The process of converting plaintext data into unreadable ciphertext.
• Authentication: The process of verifying the identity of a device or user.
• Authorization: The process of determining what resources a device or user can access.

Network Fundamentals

• A computer network allows devices to share resources and exchange data by communicating with each other.
• Devices communicate through a common language or protocol.

Network Topologies

• Physical Topology describes the physical arrangement of devices in a network, including Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, and Hybrid topologies.
• Logical Topology describes the way data flows through a network, including Bus, Star, and Ring topologies.

Network Types

• LAN (Local Area Network) spans a small geographical area, typically within a building or campus.
• WAN (Wide Area Network) spans a larger geographical area, connecting multiple LANs.
• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) spans a metropolitan area, connecting multiple LANs and WANs.
• WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) connects devices wirelessly.
• Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and servers.

Network Protocols

• TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a suite of protocols for communicating over the internet.
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring data over the web.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files over a network.
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and receiving email.

Network Devices

• Hub connects multiple devices together.
• Switch connects multiple devices and filters traffic.
• Router connects multiple networks together and routes traffic.
• Bridge connects two separate networks together.
• Gateway connects a network to the internet.

Network Communication

• Unicast is a communication method where one device sends data to another single device.
• Multicast is a communication method where one device sends data to multiple devices.
• Broadcast is a communication method where one device sends data to all devices on a network.
• OSI Model is a 7-layer model describing how data is transmitted over a network, comprising Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application layers.

Network Security

• Firewall filters incoming and outgoing traffic.
• VPN (Virtual Private Network) establishes a secure connection between two devices over the internet.
• Encryption converts plaintext data into unreadable ciphertext.
• Authentication verifies the identity of a device or user.
• Authorization determines what resources a device or user can access.

Network Types

• A Local Area Network (LAN) connects devices in a limited geographical area, such as a home or office building.
• A Wide Area Network (WAN) connects devices over a larger geographical area, such as a city or country.
• A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) connects devices in a metropolitan area, such as a city.
• A Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) connects devices wirelessly in a limited geographical area.
• A Virtual Private Network (VPN) provides a secure, encrypted connection between devices over the internet.

Network Topologies

• Physical Topology refers to the physical arrangement of devices in a network, such as bus, star, or ring.
• Logical Topology refers to the way data is transmitted between devices in a network, such as broadcast, unicast, or multicast.

Network Protocols

• TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the most widely used protocol suite for computer networks.
• TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) ensures reliable, error-checked data transfer.
• IP (Internet Protocol) provides logical addressing and routing of data packets.
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring data over the internet.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files over a network.
• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and receiving email.

Network Devices

• A Hub is a simple network device that connects multiple devices together.
• A Switch is a network device that connects multiple devices together and filters traffic.
• A Router is a network device that connects multiple networks together and routes traffic.
• A Gateway is a network device that connects multiple networks together and provides access to the internet.
• A Modem is a device that connects a computer to the internet via a broadband connection.

Network Layers

• The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model is a 7-layered framework for understanding network communication.
• The Physical Layer (Layer 1) defines the physical means of data transmission.
• The Data Link Layer (Layer 2) provides error-free transfer of data frames.
• The Network Layer (Layer 3) routes data between networks.
• The Transport Layer (Layer 4) provides reliable data transfer between devices.
• The Session Layer (Layer 5) establishes, manages, and terminates connections.
• The Presentation Layer (Layer 6) converts data into a format that can be understood by the receiving device.
• The Application Layer (Layer 7) provides services and interfaces for applications to communicate.
• The TCP/IP Model is a 4-layered framework that combines the OSI layers.
• The Network Access Layer combines OSI layers 1-3.
• The Internet Layer corresponds to OSI layer 3.
• The Transport Layer corresponds to OSI layer 4.
• The Application Layer combines OSI layers 5-7.