Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the process of breaking a message into packets, adding controls and other information, and then transmitting the message through the transmission medium?
What is the purpose of a frame check sequence (FCS) footer?
Checksum error detection
Which term does the OSI model use that's different from the TCP/IP model in reference to the terms frame, packet, and segment?
Protocol data unit (PDU)
Match each TCP/IP layer with its function:
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Layer 2 source address:
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Layer 3 source address:
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Layer 2 destination address:
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Layer 3 destination address:
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What role does ARP play in the routing process?
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Routers use ARP to resolve known IP addresses into MAC addresses.
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If the source and destination network addresses reside on the same network, which protocol is used to determine the destination IP's MAC address?
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Which packet does Computer 2 send back after receiving a SYN packet from Computer 1?
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Study Notes
Encapsulation and Packet Transmission
- Encapsulation is the process of breaking a message into packets and adding controls and information for transmission through a medium.
Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
- The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) footer is used for checksum error detection to ensure data integrity during transmission.
OSI versus TCP/IP Model
- The OSI model uses the term Protocol Data Unit (PDU) to refer to data units, differing from the TCP/IP model terminology such as frame, packet, and segment.
TCP/IP Layer Functions
- Transport layer: Breaks data into pieces.
- Application layer: Prepares data for sending.
- Link layer: Adds physical addresses.
- Internet layer: Adds logical addresses.
Addressing in Networking
- Workstation2 uses the following addresses to communicate with Workstation3:
- Layer 2 source address: 080046987654
- Layer 3 source address: 192.168.10.12
- Layer 2 destination address: 000b5f2a2222
- Layer 3 destination address: 192.168.11.11
Routing Data via a Router
- When Workstation3 sends data to the default gateway, the Cisco 2600 router uses:
- Layer 2 source address: 000b5f2a2222
- Layer 3 source address: 192.168.11.11
- Layer 2 destination address: 080046987654
- Layer 3 destination address: 192.168.10.12
Role of ARP in Networking
- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) helps in the routing process when a router needs to know a destination device's MAC address. It sends a broadcast with the destination device's IP address requesting its MAC address.
Address Resolution by Routers
- Routers utilize ARP to resolve IP addresses into MAC addresses for proper data forwarding.
Protocols for Address Determination
- When source and destination network addresses are on the same network, ARP is used to determine the MAC address for the destination IP.
TCP and Connection Establishment
- TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that employs a three-way handshake to establish connections. The process involves:
- Computer 1 sends a SYN packet to Computer 2.
- Computer 2 responds with a SYN/ACK packet.
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Description
Test your knowledge on encapsulation, packet transmission, and the differences between the OSI and TCP/IP models. This quiz covers the functions of various TCP/IP layers and how addressing works in networking. Perfect for students learning about network protocols and communications.
