Network Fundamentals and Router Commands

Network Fundamentals and Addressing

• IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long
• A modem uses asynchronous transmission.
• A 15-pin female connector in two rows is typically used for a joystick.
• A 34-pin connection on an I/O card interfaces with a floppy drive.
• The IEEE 802.11g WLAN specification allows speeds up to 54Mbps at 2.4GHz.
• For an IP address of 192.168.168.188 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192, the valid host range is 192.168.168.129-190.
• PPP uses Network Control Protocol (NCP) to identify the Network layer protocol.
• DHCP uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) at the Transport layer.
• A hub operates at the Physical layer of the OSI model.

Router and Switch Commands

• "copy flash tftp" command is used to back up an IOS.
• "line vty 0 4" command is used to set a Telnet password on a Cisco router.
• "show ip interface" command determines if an IP access list is enabled on an interface.
• The "passive" command stops an interface from sending periodic dynamic updates but still allows receiving updates.
• ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used to send a destination network unknown message back to originating hosts.
• BPDU's are sent every 2 seconds from a layer 2 device
• Segmenting a network with a 12-port switch creates 12 collision domains
• The "routerA(config)#line cons 0" command allows you to set your console password.
• The "show access-lists" command displays the contents of all access lists.
• In a network with multiple switches, there is usually 1 root bridge.
• The "debug ip rip" command displays RIP routing updates.
• AAA refers to dynamic addressing, authentication and multilink that's provided by the PPP Protocol.
• A stub network has only one entry and exit point.
• The command "RouterA(config-if)#clock rate 64000" is needed to provide the router with a 64000bps serial link.
• Typing "Router#sh ru" results in an ambiguous command error because there is more than one show command that starts with the letters "ru".
• By default, a Cisco router supports 5 simultaneous Telnet sessions.
• The command "show interfaces" displays the configurable parameters and statistics of all interfaces on a router.
• The command "Router(config)#line vty 0 4" configures all the default VTY ports on a router.
• The command "show interfaces" is used to find the broadcast address used on a LAN on a router from user mode.
• The command "erase startup" will delete the contents of NVRAM on a router.
• The "Ctrl+C" keystroke will terminate setup mode.
• The "Router#copy run startup" command saves the configuration stored in RAM to NVRAM.
• The "banner motd" command is used to display a message to administrators when logging into the router.
• If a routing table has a static, a RIP, and an IGRP route to the same network, the static route will be used by default to route packets.
• The command "ip access-group 101 in" applies an access list to a router interface.
• A standard IP access list example is: access-list 1 deny 172.16.10.1 0.0.0.0
• By default, the "show interface serial 1" command indicates a problem in the Physical layer if the output shows "Serial1 is down, line protocol is down".
• If you want to delete the configuration stored in NVRAM, you would enter the command: "erase startup"
• Protocols "802.1Q" and "ISL" are used to configure trunking on a switch.
• The TCP services are SMTP and HTTP.

Network Protocols and Concepts

• When you store your group list in a personal address book, it is your responsibility to keep them up to date.
• Internet is a worldwide collection of computer networks and gateways.
• Computers use protocols to communicate with one another.
• The Internet browser displays images and text.
• Dial-up networking allows you to connect to a network using a modem.
• Class A addresses are assigned to networks designed for a very large number of hosts.
• The command "Router(config-router)# passive-interface s0" is used to stop RIP routing updates from exiting out an interface but still allow the interface to receive RIP route updates.
• A private IP address is 192.168.24.43
• Proxy ARP allows a router to respond to an ARP request for a remote host.
• The Internet layer is equivalent to the Network layer of the OSI model in the DoD model.
• UDP is used by the following services DHCP, SNMP, and TFTP.
• Class C provides a maximum of 254 host addresses per network ID.
• FTP and Telnet use the Application layer to transmit data on the highest level
• The decimal and hexadecimal equivalents of the binary number 10011101 are 157 and 0x9D.
• The following statements are true regarding ICMP packets.
  • They can provide hosts with information about network problems
  • They are encapsulated within IP datagrams
• PPP stands for Point to Point protocol.
• The Outlook Today feature in Microsoft Outlook appoints for the next 5 days and include task that are over due
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is used for a Telnet connection where it's being a layer 4 protocol.
• The four layers in the TCP/IP model is Application, Transport, Internet, and Physical
• ICMP can provide hosts with information about network problems and it is encapsulated within IP datagrams.
• The Virtual Private Network creates private networks across the Internet by enabling privacy and tunneling of non-TCP/IP protocols.
• A firewall provides a high level of security for a network.
• Erase startup will wipe the contents of the NVRAM and also put the router into setup mode.
• B class IP address has the most host addresses available by default.
• VLANs break up broadcast domains in a layer 2 switch internetwork.
• In a LAN network, Class C addresses are used.
• "110" - The three high order bits in a class C address are always set to binary.
• There are 2 types of Hub and it connects 3 major categories of cables that connect the networks.
• The ATM stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode
• The "5" from - "The Internet community has 5 type of IP address" - implies the class full from A to E

TCP/IP and OSI Model

• Transport layer is equivalent of host-to-host in the TCP/IP model and the OSI model. Host is a connection orientated and not an application.
• For an IP addressing and information to be completed in a mechanism. DHCP is the best protocol to select to finish this.
• Domain Name System (DNS) uses TCP and UDP
• 10xxxXXX is the address range of a Class B network address in binary -The most likely command that sets the enable secret password to Cisco, is enable secret Cisco
• The commands "show interfaces," "show ip interface," and "show protocols" will display to the current IP addressing and the layer 1 and 2 status of an interface
• There are no host bits used in multicast operations.

Outlook and System Administration in Windows NT

• Offline Address Book is a list of recipient addresses that can be downloaded to a client computer.
• You can give others access to your web presentation by publishing it to a designated server
• The virtual private network is the VPN acronym
• The maximum transfer retry is 2
• "Global Address" - The global address list contains the names and emails.
• You can check to send and receive with faxes using computer
• The modem is an analog signal that can be converted to a digital and be signed
• Faxes are not installed on "window set up" by default.
• Virtual Private Network (VPN) creates secure, private networks across a public network, such as the Internet.
• The Global Address List automatically contains the entries in your Contacts folder in the Corporate/Workgroups configuration.
• Creating a New E-Mail Address in Address Book, you'll click on File and then on the new contact function if you are using this option.
• "Spin Box" if you are automatically recording to a contact or manually regarding the phone calls and other aspects - you'll be in control of it from contact.
• All aspects of a "hidden" outlook dialog is to keep tabs and the system'll still be able to track progress, even when boxes are being ticked.
• The "voting" function helps track the delivery through the check box within the message options through Outlook.
• You'll find the "To do" with the list of options that helps take the work task adding to track of new dimensions and adding the track progress.
• The "Actual Box" - to change the percentage, either to increase or decrease the percentage within an active state of progress.
• In network systems, class A addresses are used for networks with very high number of hosts.
• Each IP address requires 2 different TP addresses where parameters are considered.
• Flash - BIOS usually needs to be stored in an eery that often gets the job done with memory
• The default view in task having the options for columns with 4 options

File Management and System Tools

• "Performance" is important and to improve whenever server runs files that has multiple drives
• To a database, to write to the the database engine will firstly write to an actual Transaction Log file.
• You Can make data and log files reside on different drives for better over Performance.
• The LAN is a general, class C to address, and connect to a class C, and generally connects to a 2 way method.
• "NTFS" with "Window NT" is always the best file system but it only supports for window NT operating system (because for any new support system it also implements a new feature.
• Disk makes sure all parameters are set properly with the communication in (communication) -There are 2 types that can be used from the network, which covers and supports each device.
• Always leave at 0.0.0.0 window to leave IP addresses with the technical support CSV stands for Comma Separated Value

Network Hardware and Topologies

• The NIC is the network interface connector device
• Select the "protocol" within a select point "to point" in settings - select "next" under "protocol" which helps select what kind for the connection within serial line.
• Ensure that a proper amount (32 to 48 MB of RAM) is supplied with the window
• The "Noise" can increase for the cable connection with the cable length increases.
• There 2 types from each "TP address", also with that in mind that (128 MB or RAM) is required from the "Windows NT operation"
• The common protocol in computer that allows a fast data in files is the "computer".

Troubleshooting

• If you are using Telnet or FTP, the Application layer is the highest for data transmitting.
• If the outlook is slow, try the "defragmenter" to improve the performance
• High is the level of security on a network with a purpose of firewall in high security is being used for the right reasons when the device is in operation.
• An exchange server is used for an MS office with outlook.
• "Mailbox home" is home for all the data for an exchange server.

Exchange Server

• Core components of exchange servers are the services - running on window.
• Location transparency is the called for users that are not to be concerned with the data, simply to focus on the accessibility of a folder. Folders are stored as exchange servers.
• 5 MB is transaction log file can store in MS exchange.
• The DS (Information Store directory) is a is a list of names you can select addresses from.

Network Security and Access

• The most common protocols that uses Appication layer of the OSI model are Telnet, FTP, and TFTP.
• Proxies are often used in place of preventing traffic to passing directly between (networks) and provides security from the (bandwidth) using application
• All exchange data, such as messages and directory information, is stored in various Data base files
• There are no "Host bits" that are working for a D class - it is a reserved multicast operations system
• "Two" The number of that "TP address" has

Miscellaneous

• "MTA component" is "NOT" additional (optional) in exchange server system, it is a "required".
• A server needs to have multiple for a data to be running within the correct drives.
• With database engine - the most fastest version will be the best support system for the engine and that 32 is the most accurate one to use.
• Most permission are in the next hierarchy to which created (higher in the lever)
• Directory Replication (DR) is a set for each systems

Wireless Standards

• At 2.4GHz, the frequency range of an IEEE 802.11b. Also it follows the IEEE 802.11b - At "2.4GHz"

"Lower Right Corner" is an option to select to customize the Outlook Todays options.

"Outlook 2000" is a flexible environment and can be used "business" or "personal".

• mail merge helper can create form letters and labels, and can also mail the items for the sender