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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To coordinate and control body functions, receive sensory input, make decisions, and order body responses.
Which of the following are primary structures of the nervous system? (Select all that apply)
Match the following combining forms with their definitions:
alges/o = sense of pain centr/o = center cerebell/o = cerebellum neur/o = nerve
What are the two types of nervous cells?
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The axon of one neuron can directly pass electrical impulses to the dendrite of another neuron.
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What is the function of myelin in the nervous system?
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What comprises the central nervous system (CNS)?
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Neurons have three basic parts: dendrites, nerve cell body, and ______.
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The nervous system controls and coordinates body functions.
- It receives sensory input, processes information, and directs bodily responses.
- The nervous system's core structures include the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Nervous System Combining Forms
- alges/o: sense of pain
- astr/o: star
- centr/o: center
- cerebell/o: cerebellum
- cerebr/o: cerebrum
- clon/o: rapid muscle contractions and relaxations
- concuss/o: shaking violently
- dur/o: dura mater
- encephal/o: brain
- esthesi/o: sensation, feeling
- gli/o: glue
- medull/o: medulla oblongata
- mening/o: meninges
- meningi/o: meninges
- ment/o: mind
- myel/o: spinal cord
- neur/o: nerve
- peripher/o: away from the center
- poli/o: gray matter
- pont/o: pons
- radicul/o: nerve root
- thalam/o: thalamus
- thec/o: sheath, meninges
- tom/o: to cut
- ton/o: tone
- ventricul/o: ventricle
Nervous System Suffixes
- -paresis: weakness
- -phasia: speech
- -taxia: muscle coordination
Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
- The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- It receives sensory information and sends out motor commands.
- The PNS consists of cranial and spinal nerves.
- Sensory nerves carry information to the CNS.
- Motor nerves carry commands away from the CNS.
Nervous Tissue
- Nervous tissue is made up of neurons and neuroglia.
- Neurons are specialized for transmitting nerve impulses.
- Dendrites receive impulses.
- The nerve cell body contains the nucleus and other cell structures.
- The axon carries impulses away from the cell body.
- Synapse is the junction between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron.
- Synaptic cleft is the gap between neurons.
- Neurotransmitters are chemicals that carry impulses across the synaptic cleft.
- Neuroglia are support cells for neurons.
- Some neuroglia produce myelin, a fatty substance that insulates axons and speeds up impulse conduction.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental aspects of the nervous system, including its structure and functions, as well as essential combining forms related to its anatomy. Test your knowledge on key terms associated with the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and enhance your understanding of this complex system.
