Questions and Answers
What is the term for the control center of the nervous system?
What are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain?
What is the main highway of information that runs down the back?
What type of nerves transmit signals to and from the spinal cord?
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Which part of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?
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What is the term for the network of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord?
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Which division of the nervous system is responsible for sensory input?
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What are the structures that receive stimuli from the environment called?
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What division of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?
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What division of the nervous system regulates involuntary functions?
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What type of muscle is controlled by the somatic nervous system?
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What type of muscle is controlled involuntarily and is found in organs?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Components
- Brain: Central organ of the nervous system, responsible for processing sensory information and controlling bodily functions.
- Cranial Nerves: Twelve pairs of nerves that emerge directly from the brain, important for sensory and motor functions of the head and neck.
- Spinal Cord: Major conduit for information traveling between the brain and the peripheral nervous system, protected by vertebral column.
- Spinal Nerves: 31 pairs of nerves that branch out from the spinal cord, involved in transmitting sensory and motor signals to and from the body.
Nervous System Organization
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Composed of the brain and spinal cord, integral to processing information and coordinating responses.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Includes all nerves outside the CNS, connecting extremities and organs to the CNS.
Functional Divisions
- Sensory Division: Transmits sensory information from receptors to the CNS, enabling perception of environmental stimuli.
- Sensory Receptors: Specialized cells that detect conditions in the internal and external environment, converting stimuli into neural signals.
- Motor Division: Responsible for transmitting signals from the CNS to muscles and glands, initiating responses to stimuli.
Nervous System Subdivisions
- Somatic Nervous System: Controls voluntary movements by sending signals to skeletal muscles; responsible for conscious control.
- Autonomic Nervous System: Regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate; consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Muscle Types
- Skeletal Muscle: Voluntary muscle tissue that is attached to bones and responsible for locomotion and movement.
- Smooth Muscle: Involuntary muscle found within the walls of internal organs; controls movements such as digestion, blood vessel constriction, and airflow.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the nervous system with this quiz based on Chapter 12. You will encounter terms related to the brain, spinal cord, and both central and peripheral nervous systems. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of neurological terminology.
