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Questions and Answers
What is the main region of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord?
What is the main region of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord?
During which week do the first indications of the development of the nervous system appear?
During which week do the first indications of the development of the nervous system appear?
Which part of the nervous system innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular epithelium, or combinations of these tissues?
Which part of the nervous system innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular epithelium, or combinations of these tissues?
What is the main region of the peripheral nervous system that connects the brain and spinal cord with peripheral structures?
What is the main region of the peripheral nervous system that connects the brain and spinal cord with peripheral structures?
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Which part of the nervous system has parts in both the CNS and PNS and consists of neurons that innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular epithelium, or combinations of these tissues?
Which part of the nervous system has parts in both the CNS and PNS and consists of neurons that innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glandular epithelium, or combinations of these tissues?
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From which embryonic tissue does the nervous system develop?
From which embryonic tissue does the nervous system develop?
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What induces the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into the neural plate?
What induces the overlying ectoderm to differentiate into the neural plate?
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When does the cranial opening of the neural tube close?
When does the cranial opening of the neural tube close?
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What do neuroprogenitor cells of the walls of the neural tube proliferate to form?
What do neuroprogenitor cells of the walls of the neural tube proliferate to form?
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What process involves the formation of the neural plate and neural tube?
What process involves the formation of the neural plate and neural tube?
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What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?
What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?
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During which week does the development of the nervous system begin with the appearance of the neural plate and neural groove?
During which week does the development of the nervous system begin with the appearance of the neural plate and neural groove?
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Which part of the nervous system is protected by the cranium and vertebral column?
Which part of the nervous system is protected by the cranium and vertebral column?
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What is the function of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system?
What is the function of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system?
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What is the role of spinal ganglia in the nervous system?
What is the role of spinal ganglia in the nervous system?
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What is the main function of the neural crest in the nervous system development?
What is the main function of the neural crest in the nervous system development?
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What is the role of syndecan4 and Vangl2 in the development of the neural tube?
What is the role of syndecan4 and Vangl2 in the development of the neural tube?
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When does the closure of the cranial opening of the neural tube occur?
When does the closure of the cranial opening of the neural tube occur?
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What is the embryonic origin of the nervous system?
What is the embryonic origin of the nervous system?
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What do neuroprogenitor cells of the walls of the neural tube proliferate to form?
What do neuroprogenitor cells of the walls of the neural tube proliferate to form?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord.
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the CNS with peripheral structures.
Development of the Nervous System
- Initial indications of nervous system development appear during the third week of embryogenesis.
- The development begins with the formation of the neural plate and neural groove in the third week.
- The neural plate differentiates from ectoderm, induced by notochord signals.
Nervous System Components
- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular epithelium.
- The ANS consists of parts in both the CNS and PNS.
- Spinal nerves function as pathways between the spinal cord and the rest of the body.
- Spinal ganglia are clusters of neurons that transmit sensory information to the CNS.
Neural Tube Development
- Neuroprogenitor cells proliferate in the neural tube's walls to form neurons and glial cells.
- The process of neural tube formation involves the folding of the neural plate.
- The cranial opening of the neural tube closes at the end of the fourth week.
Key Proteins and Structures
- Syndecan4 and Vangl2 play roles in neural tube development, likely involving cell signaling and adhesion.
Embryonic Development
- The nervous system originates from the ectoderm, one of the three primary germ layers during embryogenesis.
- The closure of the cranial opening of the neural tube occurs towards the end of the fourth week.
Major Functions
- The main function of the autonomic nervous system is to regulate involuntary body functions, including heart rate and digestion.
- Neurocrest cells are essential in the development of peripheral nerves and ganglia, facilitating communication within the nervous system.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the development of the nervous system, including the spinal cord, spinal ganglia, spinal meninges, brain flexures, hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain. Explore topics such as myelination of nerve fibers and congenital anomalies of brain.
