Nervous System Chapter 12 Flashcards

It is the part connecting soma and axon, where membrane potentials are summated before being transmitted to the axon.

<p>General senses include nociceptors and thermoreceptors; special senses include olfactory and auditory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major component of CNS; unmyelinated sheaths, somas, glial cells, synapses, capillaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myelinated axons that connect grey matter and carry nerve impulses to neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knee-jerk reaction; transmission of info from a sensory neuron to the appropriate motor neuron through a single synapse in the spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reflex that involves one or more interneurons connecting afferent and efferent signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It carries impulses to skeletal muscles and is involved in reflex arcs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both B and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The autonomic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neuron with two extensions; specialized for the transmission of special senses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It possesses one axon and many dendrites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They surround neurons and provide support and insulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controls and coordinates activities of the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central Nervous System.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peripheral Nervous System.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They serve the internal organs of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A message that travels from the dendrites of a neuron to the axon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large nucleated cells that form myelin around the axons of neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A small gap between myelinated segments where the axonal membrane is exposed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurotransmitters travel across the space between two neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To receive information about changes in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles or glands that respond to impulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Something that causes a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contains the major concentration of the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An electrically-insulating phospholipid layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential difference between the two sides of the membrane of a nerve cell when the cell is not conducting an impulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A change in electrical potential that occurs between the inside and outside of a nerve or muscle fiber when it is stimulated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The time after a neuron fires during which a stimulus will not evoke a response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chemical messenger that travels across the synapse from one neuron to the next.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Part of the central nervous system that links the brain to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Balance and coordination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The largest part of the brain, controls thinking, reasoning, and memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connects the hemispheres; allows them to share information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relay link between the brain and spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart rhythm, blood flow, and breathing rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural neurotransmitters linked to pain control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The light-sensitive layer of the eye composed of receptors (rods and cones).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rod-shaped receptors in the retina sensitive to dim light but not color.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptor cells in the retina that are sensitive to bright light and produce color vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visible part of the outer ear that collects sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates when sound waves strike it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A coiled tube in the inner ear essential for hearing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensitive nerve cells in the nasal passages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary actions and responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tubes connecting the ear to the throat; helps to equalize pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A progressive disease that destroys brain cells leading to muscular tremors and slowing of movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A disease that results in progressive loss of memory and mental capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lou Gehrig's Disease; a progressive neurological disease leading to total loss of motor function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A disorder in which myelin is destroyed causing loss of motor activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers