Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of astrocytes in the central nervous system?
What is the primary function of astrocytes in the central nervous system?
- To dispose of debris
- To transmit signals
- To maintain the chemical environment of CNS (correct)
- To circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Which type of cell is responsible for producing the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system?
Which type of cell is responsible for producing the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system?
- Microglia
- Oligodendrocyte
- Satellite cell
- Schwann cell (correct)
What is the main difference between afferent and efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
What is the main difference between afferent and efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
- Afferent sends signals to CNS, efferent sends signals away from CNS (correct)
- Afferent sends signals away from CNS, efferent sends signals to CNS
- Afferent is motor, efferent is sensory
- Afferent is sensory, efferent is motor
What is the function of ependymal cells in the central nervous system?
What is the function of ependymal cells in the central nervous system?
What is the main characteristic of neurons in the central nervous system?
What is the main characteristic of neurons in the central nervous system?
What is the function of microglia in the central nervous system?
What is the function of microglia in the central nervous system?
What is the characteristic that distinguishes neuroglia from neurons?
What is the characteristic that distinguishes neuroglia from neurons?
Study Notes
Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Consists of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- Comprises nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Afferent Division (PNS)
- Nerves that send signals to the CNS
- Composed of sensory neurons
Efferent Division (PNS)
- Nerves that send signals away from the CNS
- Composed of motor neurons
Neurons
- Nerve cells specialized to transmit signals
- Cannot replicate
Nervous Tissue: Support Cells
Astrocytes (CNS)
- Abundant in CNS
- Star-shaped
- Provide structural support to neurons
- Form blood-brain barrier (BBB) between capillaries and neurons
- Maintain chemical environment of CNS
- Remove waste
Ependymal Cells (CNS)
- Line cavities of the brain and spinal cord
- Circulate cerebrospinal fluid
Oligodendrocyte (CNS)
- Produce myelin sheath around nerve fibers in CNS
- Insulate nerve fibers
Microglia (CNS)
- Spider-like phagocytes
- Dispose of debris
Satellite Cells
- Believed to provide nutrients to neurons
Schwann Cells (PNS)
- Form myelin sheath in PNS
- Insulate nerve fibers
Neuroglia
- Do not transmit signals
- Can replicate
- Support neurons
- Over-replication can cause most brain tumors
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Description
Explore the central and peripheral nervous systems, including afferent and efferent divisions, neurons, and nervous tissue support cells like astrocytes.
