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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a component of the nervous system?
Which of the following is a component of the nervous system?
- Liver
- Muscle
- Bone
- Neuron (correct)
What is the resting membrane potential?
What is the resting membrane potential?
- The electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane when it is at rest
- The electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane when it is not transmitting signals (correct)
- The electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane when it is actively transmitting signals
- The electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane when it is depolarized
What is the main function of neuroglia?
What is the main function of neuroglia?
- To release neurotransmitters
- To transmit electrical signals
- To support and protect neurons (correct)
- To generate action potentials
What is the major difference between electrical synapses and chemical synapses?
What is the major difference between electrical synapses and chemical synapses?
What are the three major categories of neurotransmitters?
What are the three major categories of neurotransmitters?
Which of the following is responsible for conducting nerve impulses in only one direction in the ventral and dorsal spinal nerves?
Which of the following is responsible for conducting nerve impulses in only one direction in the ventral and dorsal spinal nerves?
What is the main function of neuroglia?
What is the main function of neuroglia?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the nervous system?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the nervous system?
What is the major difference between fast axonal transport and slow axonal transport?
What is the major difference between fast axonal transport and slow axonal transport?
Which of the following is responsible for transmitting information between neurons at a synapse?
Which of the following is responsible for transmitting information between neurons at a synapse?
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Study Notes
Nervous System Components
- The nervous system consists of multiple components, including neurons, glial cells, and others.
Resting Membrane Potential
- The resting membrane potential is the electrical potential difference across the cell membrane when the neuron is not stimulated, typically around -70mV.
Neuroglia Function
- Neuroglia, or glial cells, provide support and maintenance functions for neurons, including supplying oxygen and nutrients, removing waste, and providing structural support.
Synapse Comparison
- Electrical synapses: direct, gap-junction-mediated communication between neurons, allowing simultaneous activity.
- Chemical synapses: indirect communication, using neurotransmitters to transmit signals between neurons.
Neurotransmitter Categories
- The three major categories of neurotransmitters are:
- Excitatory neurotransmitters (e.g., glutamate, aspartate)
- Inhibitory neurotransmitters (e.g., GABA, glycine)
- Modulatory neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine, serotonin)
Nerve Impulse Conduction
- The node of Ranvier in myelinated axons is responsible for conducting nerve impulses in only one direction in the ventral and dorsal spinal nerves.
Non-Nervous System Component
- The blood is not a component of the nervous system.
Axonal Transport
- Fast axonal transport involves rapid, microtubule-dependent movement of organelles and vesicles.
- Slow axonal transport involves slower, actin-dependent movement of cytoskeletal elements.
Synaptic Transmission
- Neurotransmitters are responsible for transmitting information between neurons at a synapse.
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