10 Questions
Which of the following is a component of the nervous system?
Neuron
What is the resting membrane potential?
The electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane when it is not transmitting signals
What is the main function of neuroglia?
To support and protect neurons
What is the major difference between electrical synapses and chemical synapses?
Electrical synapses allow bidirectional transmission of signals, while chemical synapses allow unidirectional transmission
What are the three major categories of neurotransmitters?
Glutamate, GABA, glycine
Which of the following is responsible for conducting nerve impulses in only one direction in the ventral and dorsal spinal nerves?
Bell-Magendie Law
What is the main function of neuroglia?
Provide structural support
Which of the following is NOT a component of the nervous system?
Neurotransmitter
What is the major difference between fast axonal transport and slow axonal transport?
Speed of transport
Which of the following is responsible for transmitting information between neurons at a synapse?
Neurotransmitter
Study Notes
Nervous System Components
- The nervous system consists of multiple components, including neurons, glial cells, and others.
Resting Membrane Potential
- The resting membrane potential is the electrical potential difference across the cell membrane when the neuron is not stimulated, typically around -70mV.
Neuroglia Function
- Neuroglia, or glial cells, provide support and maintenance functions for neurons, including supplying oxygen and nutrients, removing waste, and providing structural support.
Synapse Comparison
- Electrical synapses: direct, gap-junction-mediated communication between neurons, allowing simultaneous activity.
- Chemical synapses: indirect communication, using neurotransmitters to transmit signals between neurons.
Neurotransmitter Categories
- The three major categories of neurotransmitters are:
- Excitatory neurotransmitters (e.g., glutamate, aspartate)
- Inhibitory neurotransmitters (e.g., GABA, glycine)
- Modulatory neurotransmitters (e.g., acetylcholine, serotonin)
Nerve Impulse Conduction
- The node of Ranvier in myelinated axons is responsible for conducting nerve impulses in only one direction in the ventral and dorsal spinal nerves.
Non-Nervous System Component
- The blood is not a component of the nervous system.
Axonal Transport
- Fast axonal transport involves rapid, microtubule-dependent movement of organelles and vesicles.
- Slow axonal transport involves slower, actin-dependent movement of cytoskeletal elements.
Synaptic Transmission
- Neurotransmitters are responsible for transmitting information between neurons at a synapse.
Test your knowledge of nerve physiology with this quiz! Explore topics such as the nervous system, membrane potential, axonal transport, and synapses. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the intricacies of nerve function.
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