Nephrotic Syndrome and Nursing Interventions
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Nephrotic Syndrome and Nursing Interventions

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@ProfuseChrysoberyl

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Questions and Answers

What should be done regarding the patient's dietary restrictions before an EEG?

  • The patient should fast completely, having nothing by mouth. (correct)
  • The patient can consume unlimited food and beverages.
  • The patient should have a light breakfast before the procedure.
  • The patient may have coffee, milk, and juice only.

    • Which of the following is NOT appropriate for a patient scheduled for an EEG?

  • The patient has nothing by mouth.
  • The patient is allowed clear liquids.
  • The patient has a light meal. (correct)
  • The patient drinks caffeinated beverages.

    • Why is it essential to restrict food and drink prior to an EEG?

  • To hasten the completion of the procedure.
  • To avoid the patient feeling hungry during the test.
  • To ensure that no substances interfere with brain activity readings. (correct)
  • To prevent the patient from feeling tired.

    • What type of drinks should be avoided before an EEG?

    <p>Caffeinated beverages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common requirement for patients before undergoing an EEG?

    <p>To refrain from eating or drinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary signs of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Massive proteinuria resulting in foamy urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is most likely associated with hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Edema in legs and ankles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom indicates a patient with nephrotic syndrome may experience loss of appetite?

    <p>Fatigue and weight gain due to swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing intervention is crucial for management of nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Performing daily weights with the same scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What metabolic disturbance is commonly seen in patients with nephrotic syndrome?

    <p>Hyperlipidemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of administering exogenous insulin?

    <p>To regulate glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is exogenous insulin typically administered?

    <p>Subcutaneously (SUBQ)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with gall bladder insufficiency?

    <p>Increased bile production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is indicated by a decrease in ammonia blood levels?

    <p>Gall bladder insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Fetor Hepaticus refer to?

    <p>A sweet or musty odor on the breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which meal choice best demonstrates an understanding of iron-rich foods?

    <p>Grilled chicken thigh, sautéed spinach, and wholegrain bread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most beneficial food combination for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

    <p>Grilled chicken thigh, sautéed spinach, and wholegrain bread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is sautéed spinach a suitable food choice for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

    <p>It provides a significant amount of iron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the meal reflects an understanding of both iron content and healthy carbohydrates?

    <p>Combining animal and plant-based sources of iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following meals might indicate a lack of understanding regarding iron-rich foods?

    <p>Fried fish with mashed potatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom may indicate anemia when assessing the integumentary system?

    <p>Pallor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is specifically associated with a deficiency in vitamin B12?

    <p>Pernicious anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common respiratory symptom that may accompany anemia?

    <p>Dyspnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic sign of anemia?

    <p>Increased appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skin changes is least likely to be related to anemia?

    <p>Flushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    EEG

    • Patients should avoid food and beverages before an EEG

    Nephrotic Syndrome

    • Nephrotic syndrome is not a disease, but a group of symptoms that occur with a disease.
    • It damages the glomeruli (nephron's filtering units) in the kidneys.
    • High levels of protein leak into the urine, causing proteinuria.
    • Proteinuria causes foamy/frothy urine.
    • Hypoalbuminemia is a decrease in serum albumin.
    • Hypoalbuminemia causes edema in lower extremities (legs, ankles, hands), ascites, and tiredness due to swelling.
    • Patients with nephrotic syndrome tend to gain weight despite decreased appetite.
    • Increased fat levels in the blood causes hyperlipidemia.

    Nursing Interventions for Nephrotic Syndrome

    • Monitor daily weights using the same scale each day, preferably a standing scale.
    • Compare current weight to previous daily weights.

    Fetor Hepaticus

    • Fetor hepaticus is the distinctive sweet or musty breath odor associated with liver failure.
    • It's caused by the accumulation of ammonia in the bloodstream, which can be detected by the sense of smell.
    • Reduced levels of ammonia in the blood can decrease the severity of fetor hepaticus.
    • Lactose intake may lead to a decrease in ammonia levels.
    • A decrease in fetor hepaticus indicates improvement in ammonia levels.

    Iron Deficiency Anemia

    • Grilled chicken thigh, sauteed spinach, and wholegrain bread are iron-rich foods.
    • Patients with iron deficiency anemia should be discharged with iron replacement therapy.

    Anemia

    • Dyspnea can be a dermatologic manifestation of anemia.
    • Pale skin, pallor or a yellow tinge (jaundice) may indicate anemia.
    • Patients with iron deficiency anemia and pernicious anemia may benefit from iron replacement therapy.

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    Description

    This quiz covers crucial information about nephrotic syndrome, its symptoms, and related nursing interventions. It also discusses the significance of daily weight monitoring and additional considerations for patients. Test your understanding of these important medical concepts.

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