Neonatal Eye and Ear Assessment

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What does the absence of red reflex in the eye of a newborn indicate?

Normal eye development

Weak extraocular muscles

Congenital cataract or retinoblastoma (correct)

Eye infection

During the PERRLA examination, what does the 'P' stand for?

Patent

Purulent discharge

Pupil (correct)

Pink

What is the cause of Ophthalmia neonatorum in newborns?

Opthalmia virus

Retinoblastoma bacteria

Chlamydia trachomatis

Neisseria gonococcus (correct)

What is the significance of low set ears in a newborn?

Down syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of nasal flaring in a newborn indicate?

Respiratory distress Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe urethral opening on the dorsal surface of the penis?

Epispadias Signup and view all the answers

Which ear abnormality is described as 'small ear pinna'?

Microtia Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by undescended testes in males?

Cryptorchidism Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the umbilical cord in newborns?

Omphalitis Signup and view all the answers

In newborn females, what may be present due to withdrawal of maternal hormones?

Pseudomenstruation Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed in newborns to detect any lateral deviation of the spine?

Scoliosis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may be suspected if there is an absence of meconium within 24 hours after birth?

Congenital Abnormality Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fontanelles in newborns?

To allow for brain growth Signup and view all the answers

Which fontanelle is diamond-shaped and fuses around 12 to 18 months of age?

Anterior fontanelle Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cephalhematoma in newborns?

It is due to improper venous drainage Signup and view all the answers

Which fontanelle is triangular-shaped and typically fuses at around 6 weeks of age?

Posterior fontanelle Signup and view all the answers

What is Caput succedaneum in newborns and how long does it typically take to resolve?

Fluid accumulation between periosteum and bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of fontanelles in newborns being wide gaps between sutures?

To allow for skull expansion during birth Signup and view all the answers