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Questions and Answers
What is considered a key program of neoliberalism according to the point of view that sees it as part of the crisis of capitalism?
What is considered a key program of neoliberalism according to the point of view that sees it as part of the crisis of capitalism?
In the Global South, what function does neoliberalism serve according to Connell and Dados?
In the Global South, what function does neoliberalism serve according to Connell and Dados?
What effect does neoliberal policy typically have on agriculture in South countries?
What effect does neoliberal policy typically have on agriculture in South countries?
According to the literature, what is necessary for the success of neoliberalism in the Global South?
According to the literature, what is necessary for the success of neoliberalism in the Global South?
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How do neoliberal programs in South countries generally affect small farmers and peasants?
How do neoliberal programs in South countries generally affect small farmers and peasants?
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What misconception about neoliberalism's impact on the welfare state is highlighted in the content?
What misconception about neoliberalism's impact on the welfare state is highlighted in the content?
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What is one of the earlier strategies that neoliberalism is positioned as superior to in the Global South?
What is one of the earlier strategies that neoliberalism is positioned as superior to in the Global South?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of neoliberalism in South countries?
Which of the following is NOT a function of neoliberalism in South countries?
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What is a fundamental characteristic of neoliberalism as defined in the content?
What is a fundamental characteristic of neoliberalism as defined in the content?
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Which region's neoliberal policies are noted to have been initiated earlier than those in the Global North?
Which region's neoliberal policies are noted to have been initiated earlier than those in the Global North?
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What did Connell and Dados argue about the literature on neoliberalism?
What did Connell and Dados argue about the literature on neoliberalism?
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What is a consequence often associated with neoliberal policies in the Global North?
What is a consequence often associated with neoliberal policies in the Global North?
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Which economic principles did right-wing economists contest after the Second World War?
Which economic principles did right-wing economists contest after the Second World War?
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Which political leaders are mentioned as proponents of neoliberal ideas in the Global North?
Which political leaders are mentioned as proponents of neoliberal ideas in the Global North?
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What is one aspect of neoliberalism in the Global South noted in the content?
What is one aspect of neoliberalism in the Global South noted in the content?
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What connects the neoliberal perspective to governmentality according to the content?
What connects the neoliberal perspective to governmentality according to the content?
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Neoliberalism is universally recognized as having originated in the Global North during the late 1970s.
Neoliberalism is universally recognized as having originated in the Global North during the late 1970s.
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Connell and Dados argue that the literature on neoliberalism has a balanced focus on both the Global North and the Global South.
Connell and Dados argue that the literature on neoliberalism has a balanced focus on both the Global North and the Global South.
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The ruling ideas of neoliberalism are primarily rooted in the economic theories developed after the Second World War.
The ruling ideas of neoliberalism are primarily rooted in the economic theories developed after the Second World War.
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Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan are noted for adopting Keynesian economic policies in their governance.
Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan are noted for adopting Keynesian economic policies in their governance.
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The literature on neoliberalism is primarily concerned with the impact of privatization and welfare state rollback in the Global South.
The literature on neoliberalism is primarily concerned with the impact of privatization and welfare state rollback in the Global South.
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Neoliberalism in the Global South is frequently viewed as a continuation of state-centred command economies.
Neoliberalism in the Global South is frequently viewed as a continuation of state-centred command economies.
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The expansion of the middle class is deemed crucial for the success of neoliberalism in the Global South.
The expansion of the middle class is deemed crucial for the success of neoliberalism in the Global South.
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Neoliberal policies in South countries aim to eliminate subsidies and provide no support for small farmers.
Neoliberal policies in South countries aim to eliminate subsidies and provide no support for small farmers.
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Neoliberalism integrates the economy of South countries with global trade flows as one of its main functions.
Neoliberalism integrates the economy of South countries with global trade flows as one of its main functions.
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Neoliberal programs in the Global South universally attack the welfare state without incorporating any welfare provisions.
Neoliberal programs in the Global South universally attack the welfare state without incorporating any welfare provisions.
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Study Notes
Defining Neoliberalism
- Neoliberalism is a modern version of laissez-faire economic principles, often attributed to 19th-century European economists.
- Neoliberal programs aim to create conditions for capitalist accumulation and empower economic elites.
Neoliberalism in the Global South vs. the Global North
- Scholars disagree on specific applications of neoliberalism.
- Connell and Dados (2014) highlight key differences:
- Global South: Primarily focused on development strategies, integrating the economy with global trade flows, and adopting ICT for global inclusion.
- Global North: Often seen as a response to the capitalist crisis, emphasizing privatization, de-industrialization, and welfare state rollback.
Neoliberalism in the Global North: Two Perspectives
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Perspective 1 (Ideas):
- Views neoliberalism as a set of influential ideas rooted in post-WWII economic debates.
- Links neoliberalism to the rise of Margaret Thatcher (UK) and Ronald Reagan (USA) and their policies.
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Perspective 2 (Crisis):
- Sees neoliberalism as a response to the crisis of capitalism, a stage that aims to expand the capitalist system through financialization.
Neoliberalism in the Global South: A Distinct Approach
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Focus on Development:
- Presents itself as a development strategy superior to earlier models like import substitution industrialization or state-centered economies.
- Aims to transform agriculture into agro-industrial complexes integrated with transnational corporations, leading to potential migration of rural workers to urban areas.
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Emphasis on Inclusion:
- Emphasizes global inclusion through ICT and often incorporates welfare provisions to mitigate negative impacts on the poor.
- Targets individuals and incorporates them into the market.
Key Arguments
- Neoliberal policies in the Global South prioritize development and global economic integration.
- The emphasis is on integrating individuals into the market and often involves welfare programs to address poverty, though these programs may not necessarily attack the welfare state.
- The perspective that highlights the Global North's experience might not adequately capture the nuances of neoliberalism in the Global South.
Neoliberalism: Global North vs. Global South
- Neoliberalism is often considered the modern manifestation of laissez-faire economic principles, prioritizing market forces and reasserting economic elites' power.
- Scholars debate the nuances of neoliberalism, with significant differences observed between the Global North and Global South.
- Literature on neoliberalism has historically been skewed towards critiques of policies in the Global North, particularly those implemented in the late 1970s.
- However, neoliberalism originated in the Global South in the mid-1970s, notably in Chile, and has distinct characteristics in this context.
- Neoliberal policies in the Global North are often examined through two lenses:
- As a system of ideas, with origins in the post-World War II era, challenging Keynesian principles.
- As a response to capitalism's crisis, aiming to expand the capitalist system through financialization.
- Neoliberalism in the Global South presents itself as a superior development strategy, emphasizing integration with global trade and ICT adoption.
- It often involves transforming agriculture into agro-industrial complexes, integrating them with transnational corporations, leading to a potential decline in support for small farmers.
- While often portrayed as dismantling the welfare state, neoliberal programs in the Global South may incorporate welfare provisions to mitigate negative impacts on the poor, promoting market integration.
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Description
Explore the multifaceted concept of neoliberalism, examining its origins and applications in both the Global North and Global South. This quiz delves into contrasting perspectives and the strategic choices made by different regions in response to neoliberal ideals.
