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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the polysaccharide capsule in Neisseria meningitidis?
What is the primary function of the polysaccharide capsule in Neisseria meningitidis?
- Enhancing phagocytosis
- Increasing the virulence of the bacterium (correct)
- Preventing antigenicity
- Inducing protective antibodies
What is the primary reason why serotype B is not included in the vaccines?
What is the primary reason why serotype B is not included in the vaccines?
- It is not a major cause of meningitis
- It is not immunogenic in humans (correct)
- It is already present in the body
- It is not a serotype of Neisseria meningitidis
How many serologic groups are Neisseria meningitidis divided into based on the antigenicity of their capsular polysaccharides?
How many serologic groups are Neisseria meningitidis divided into based on the antigenicity of their capsular polysaccharides?
- At least 10
- At least 5
- At least 13 (correct)
- At least 20
What is the leading cause of epidemic meningitis worldwide?
What is the leading cause of epidemic meningitis worldwide?
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Which of the following serotypes is responsible for most cases of disease in the United States?
Which of the following serotypes is responsible for most cases of disease in the United States?
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Study Notes
Neisseriae Characteristics
- Neisseriae are gram-negative cocci resembling paired kidney beans.
Neisseria Meningitidis (Meningococcus)
- Has a prominent polysaccharide capsule that enhances virulence by antiphagocytic action.
- The capsule is the immunogen in the vaccine, inducing protective antibodies.
Meningococcal Serologic Groups
- Divided into at least 13 serologic groups based on the antigenicity of their capsular polysaccharides.
Common Serotypes Causing Meningitis and Meningococcemia
- Five serotypes cause most cases: A, B, C, Y, and W-135.
Serotype Distribution
- Serotype A is the leading cause of epidemic meningitis worldwide.
- Serotype B accounts for most disease in the United States.
- Serotype B polysaccharide is not immunogenic in humans, excluded from vaccines.
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