38 Questions
What is the primary concern when using probenecid with antibiotics?
Higher levels of antibiotic accumulation, potentially leading to toxicity
What is the most common cause of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis in neonates?
Neisseria gonorrhea
What is the characteristic shape of Moraxella bacteria?
Rod shape
What is the first line of therapy for hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis?
Ceftriaxone
What is the characteristic feature of a Streptococcus pneumoniae corneal ulcer?
A gray-yellow, disc-shaped ulcer with hypopyon
What is the recommended treatment for recurrent corneal erosions?
Doxycycline to inhibit metalloproteinases
What is the most common bacteriological agent causing acquired dacryocystitis in children?
Staphylococcus
What is the DOC for treating toxoplasmosis?
Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
What is the risk factor for bacterial endophthalmitis?
Poor aseptic technique in intraocular surgery
What is the primary mechanism of action of Vancomycin in treating bacterial endophthalmitis?
Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
What is the primary concern when using Vancomycin for prolonged periods of time?
Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
What is the primary indication for using Vancomycin in ocular surface infections?
Only reserved for severe cases in which less toxic agents have been ineffective
What is the primary advantage of Amikacin in treating bacterial endophthalmitis?
Tolerance to many aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes
What is the primary contraindication for using Vancomycin in patients with bacterial endophthalmitis?
All of the above
What is the primary mechanism of action of dexamethasone in reducing ocular inflammation?
Suppressing the host's immune response
What is the most common vector responsible for the transmission of chlamydial conjunctivitis?
Flies
In what stage of trachoma disease do papillary reactions obscure follicular reactions and follicles mature?
Stage II
What is the primary concern in using dexamethasone in the treatment of bacterial keratitis?
Toxic keratitis
In which population group is trachoma disease most commonly found?
Underprivileged population
What is the primary concern when using tetracycline in pregnant women?
Risk of teratogenic effects
What is the main difference between bacterial keratitis and sterile keratitis?
Speed of corneal damage
What is the recommended oral antibiotic for the treatment of Chlamydial infections in children under 12?
Azithromycin
What is the primary cause of Staphylococcus aureus corneal ulcers?
Coagulase production
What is the main complication of conjunctival scarring in stage IV of ocular Chlamydial infection?
Entropion and trichiasis
What is the primary indication for using Polytrim in ocular infections?
MRSA infections
Which of the following fluoroquinolones is less active against gram-positive organisms?
Ocuflox 0.3%
What is the primary mechanism of action of Aminoglycosides in ocular infections?
Binds to 30s subunits leading to altered cell membrane permeability
Which of the following Aminoglycosides is ineffective against Pseudomonas infections?
Neomycin
What is the primary concern when using Gentamycin for prolonged periods of time in ocular infections?
Corneal toxicity
Which of the following fluoroquinolones is used aggressively for 24 hours and then tapered in ocular infections?
Quixin 0.5%
What is the primary indication for using Besivance 0.6% in ocular infections?
Gram-positive and gram-negative infections
What is the primary advantage of using Quixin 0.5% in ocular infections?
Broader spectrum of activity
Which of the following fluoroquinolones is used as a first-line therapy for suspected Haemophilus infections in ocular infections?
Quixin 0.5%
What is the primary mechanism of action of polymyxin B in treating bacterial infections of the eye?
Disrupting the bacterial cell membrane
Which of the following antibiotics is most commonly used to treat internal hordeolum?
Dicloxacillin
What is the primary indication for using macrolides such as azithromycin in the treatment of ocular infections?
Allergic reactions to penicillin
What is the primary concern when using bacitracin ointment to treat external hordeolum?
Risk of allergic reactions
What is the primary mechanism of action of cephalexin in treating bacterial infections of the eye?
Inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis
Learn about Neisseria gonorrhea and meningiditis, associated diseases and infections, including conjunctivitis and sexually transmitted diseases. Understand the etiology, symptoms, and vaccines related to these diseases.
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